Effects of Titanium Dioxide (TiO_2) Nanoparticles Deposition on The Physical and Comfort Properties of Meltblown Polypropylene Nonwoven Face Mask Materials

Abstract

Meltblown polypropylene nonwoven fabrics are widely used as filter layers in medical and daily face masks due to their good filtration efficiency, lightweight structure and low cost. However, prolonged use of these masks often causes discomfort because of low breathability, heat buildup and moisture retention. These issues may reduce user comfort, especially in hot and humid environments. Recently, nanotechnology has been explored to improve the functional and comfort properties of face mask materials. Titanium dioxide (Ti) nanoparticles are known for their surface modification properties, which may help to enhance facemask performance. However, information on how Ti coating affects the physical structure and comfort behaviour of meltblown polypropylene filter materials is still limited.