Substitute Animal Feeds: Fermented Azolla as An Alternative for Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Poultry farming significantly contributes to economic, cultural, and social development while meeting over 30% of global animal protein needs. Rising urban demand has expanded broiler production, with global output increasing slightly between 2017 and 2018. In Malaysia, poultry is essential due to dietary preferences, particularly among Muslims. Feed costs constitute up to 75% of production expenses, with concerns over the halal status of imported feed influencing consumer choices. Additionally, plant-based feed may hinder broiler growth. This review explores sustainable, locally sourced feed alternatives to address cost and halal concerns, ensuring long-term economic viability in Malaysia’s poultry industry.