The Comparative Analysis of Hot and Cold Saponification Processes in Eco-Friendly Soap Production Using Used Cooking Oil

Authors

  • Nur Firzanah Mansor Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
  • Siti Raihan Zakaria Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)

Keywords:

Used cooking oil, eco-friendly soap, cold process soap, hot process soap, saponification

Abstract

The improper disposal of used cooking oil (UCO) has emerged as a major environmental issue in Malaysia, contributing to clogged drainage systems, soil contamination, and the overburdening of wastewater treatment plants. As a sustainable waste management solution, this study explores the conversion of UCO into eco-friendly soap via saponification. Specifically, it compares the Cold Saponification Process (CSP) and Hot Saponification Process (HSP) in terms of physicochemical quality and cleaning efficiency.

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Published

01-06-2026

Issue

Vol. 60 (2026): CAS 2025

Section

Articles