Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity study of Aloe vera gel using Allium cepa as a plant bioassay

Abstract

Aloe vera, a tropical plant from the Liliaceae family, was extensively used for a broad range of medical and cosmetic applications due to its antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumour, and antifungal properties. Despite these known benefits, limited studies have investigated its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, particularly in commercial skincare products such as Nature Republic Aloe Vera Soothing Gel. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Aloe vera gel by comparing the physical changes in Allium cepa, examining alterations in the mitotic index, and identifying chromosomal aberrations.