Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Carica papaya Leaf Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms poses a significant global health threat due to the declining effectiveness of current antibiotics. One major contributing factor is the development of biofilms, which enhance bacterial resistance and hinder treatment efficacy. As a result, attention has shifted toward natural alternatives, particularly plant-derived compounds. Carica papaya leaves have shown promise due to their potential antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. This study aims to identify the phytochemicals present in C. papaya leaves and evaluate their effectiveness against pathogenic bacteria and their ability to inhibit biofilm formation. Gaining insight into the bioactivity of these compounds may offer alternative or complementary strategies for addressing antibiotic resistance and biofilm-associated infections.