Optimization of a Polyherbal Formulation of Moringa oleifera, Ficus deltoidea, and Labisia pumila for Enhanced Antioxidant Properties Using Simple Lattice Mixture Design

Abstract

Moringa oleifera (Kelor), Ficus deltoidea (Mas cotek), and Labisia pumila (Kacip fatimah) are rich in antioxidant phytochemicals. However, whether combining these three ingredients may enhance their antioxidant potential remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to develop an optimised polyherbal formulation from M. oleifera, F. deltoidea, and L. pumila (MFL) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) integrated with a Simple Lattice Mixture Design (SLMD).