Occupational Heat Stress Exposure and Associated Health Symptoms Among Workers in A Paint Manufacturing Facility in Klang, Selangor

Abstract

The rise in global temperatures and frequent extreme heat events due to climate change have raised concerns about heat-related illnesses among industrial workers. In Malaysia’s tropical climate, workers in enclosed manufacturing environments face a higher risk of heat stress, especially when performing strenuous tasks or wearing protective gear. This study focuses on the paint manufacturing industry, where high indoor temperatures are common in sections such as wet paint, raw material, and powder coating. The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index was used to assess environmental heat stress, while the Work-Related Heat Stress Questionnaire (WHSTQ) was used to identify symptoms experienced by workers. The aim of this study is to evaluate heat stress levels across different work sections and examine their relationship with self-reported symptoms to improve workplace safety and health standards.