Modified Method for Synthesis of Microwave-Assisted Irradiation Hydroxyapatite for Alveolar Ridge Preservation

Nurul Saadah Razali; Luay Thanoon Younis; Muhammad Hilmi Zainal Ariffin; Fara Fariza Zahar

doi:10.24191/cos.v12i2.8835

Authors

Nurul Saadah Razali Periodontic Unit, Mahmoodiah Dental Clinic, Ministry of Health, 80100 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Luay Thanoon Younis Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Muhammad Hilmi Zainal Ariffin Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Fara Fariza Zahar Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24191/cos.v12i2.8835

Keywords:

hydroxyapatite, microwave-assisted, alveolar ridge

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is one of the commonly used alloplastic material for alveolar bone regeneration. However, the currently practiced methods of synthesis are often time-consuming. The commercially available hydroxyapatite, even though were proven to attenuate alveolar bone resorption, they also showed a low biodegradability. This study is aimed to describe a new method of synthesising hydroxyapatite using microwave-assisted irradiation method. Methods: 52g Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate was dissolved in 5% hydrogen peroxide until it completely dissolved. Stoichiometric amount of 85% phosphoric acid were added dropwise, and the pH of the suspension was adjusted using ammonium hydroxide solution. The suspension was continuously stirred for additional 30 minutes at the room temperature. One part of the suspension was heated in household microwave at 800W for 10 minutes. Another half was filtered and washed using distilled water (named as filtration-HAp). Each suspension was further freeze-dried and calcined at 600C for 2 hours. The obtained powders were further characterised by using x-ray diffractometer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence. Morphology of obtained powders were observed using field emission electron microscope. Results: X-ray diffraction pattern of microwave-HAp showed high peaks indicating a highly crystalline structure. FTIR results confirms the presence of phosphate and hydroxyl groups. EDXRF showed calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of 1.8. Microwave-HAP showed non-homogenous spherical shape with less agglomeration, whereas filtration-HAP showed amorphous and highly agglomerated structure. Conclusions: Microwave-assisted irradiation method enables the rapid synthesis of pure hydroxyapatite nano powder with high crystallinity. The modified microwave-HAp can be considered a potential bone substitute. Further in-vivo investigations are required to ascertain the desirable mechanical properties and optimal concentration of MW-Hap for tissue biocompatibility.

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