Journal of Administrative Science

The Strengths of Security Personnel in Tertiary Institution: A Case Study of Kwara State Polytechnic, Nigeria

Amin Amin — 2025-04-30

The paper examined the types of training, capacity of security, impact, and challenges confronting security at Kwara State Polytechnic. The study is a descriptive research design Both primary and secondary data were used. The questionnaire was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22. Findings from the study showed that the majority of the respondents agreed that the security personnel receive orientation before engaging in any task. The respondents agreed that the school management has recruited more personnel to enhance security on the campus agreed. The majority of the respondents agreed that security personnel have been able to curb cultism operations in the campus and its environs and agreed that the security personnel can maintain a good relationship with transporters (bus and taxi drivers, keke NAPEP operators) to ensure the smooth running of academic activities The study also reveals that majority of the respondents agreed that students’ harassment is one of the challenges facing security unit and respondents agreed that lack of proper identification of staff affects security operation and also agreed that inadequate patrol vehicles hinder effective security operation in the campus The paper concludes that security personnel are working effectively to maintain peace and prevent any form of riot in the Polytechnic community. The paper recommended that much emphasis should be laid on students’ orientation rather than matriculation and the management should introduce a functioning security office to every institute on the campus.

The Graphical Representation of Clothing Store Location and Its Application with Potential Method

Khairunnisha Amira Johar — 2025-04-30

Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is a widely utilized approach for addressing decision problems by assessing pairwise comparisons of alternatives. MCDM involves evaluating various elements as input and deriving weighted outcomes for each alternative. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Potential Method (PM) are two examples of tools within MCDM. The PM employs a directed graph known as a preference, generated through paired comparisons, to establish a value function for the set of alternatives. In this study, PM is applied to the store location selection problem, with AHP already providing results. The objective is to demonstrate the use of PM in decision-making. The obtained results are then compared, revealing similar rankings for alternatives between the two methods. Consequently, PM is deemed comparable to AHP in effectively addressing real-life problems with multiple criteria.

Exploring Approaches to Strengthen Higher-Order Thinking Skills in Malaysian Higher Education

Nurin Farzana Mohamad Fadzil — 2025-04-30

This study explores factors influencing the development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among students in Malaysian higher education institutions (HEIs) and their impact on graduates’ employability. Using a phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with nine participants, including educators and students. The findings highlight key challenges such as power imbalances, rigid teaching methods, low student engagement, inadequate knowledge, and ineffective learning strategies. Institutional issues, including restrictive regulations and less effective learning outcomes, hinder HOTS development. To address these challenges, the study suggests adopting student-centered teaching approaches, encouraging active student involvement in problem-solving, and revising institutional policies to foster a supportive learning environment. Graduates with strong HOTS were found to be more competitive in the job market. However, the study’s scope is limited by its small sample size and focus on select HEIs, which may not fully represent the national context. Future research should include a broader sample and examine the role of technology in enhancing HOTS. This study provides practical insights for policymakers, HEI administrators, and educators to develop strategies that improve HOTS and graduate employability, contributing to the body of knowledge in higher education by offering a holistic and evidence-based perspective on teaching and learning HOTS.

Dinamik Penguasaan Politik Melayu di Negeri Selangor dari Tahun 2008 hingga 2018

Muhamad Atlizan Darlis — 2025-04-30

Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis penguasaan politik Melayu dalam konteks politik di Selangor dari tahun 2008 hingga 2018, dengan mengambil kira perubahan politik yang signifikan di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen seperti artikel ilmiah, ucapan politik, dan laporan pilihan raya. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa gerakan reformasi, peningkatan pengaruh media sosial, dan kelemahan tadbir urus Barisan Nasional (BN) menjadi faktor utama dalam keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-12 (PRU-12), yang membawa kepada peralihan kuasa daripada BN kepada Pakatan Rakyat (PR). Sokongan bukan Melayu terhadap PR melebihi 90 peratus, manakala sokongan Melayu berada pada kadar 25 hingga 40 peratus. Perpecahan dalam gabungan pembangkang meningkat selepas PRU-12, khususnya apabila sentimen konservatif berkembang di kawasan luar bandar. Kajian ini menggariskan cabaran dalam merundingkan sosiopolitik masyarakat berbilang budaya. Untuk memastikan kestabilan politik di Selangor, pendekatan inklusif yang merentasi sempadan etnik, pematuhan kepada nilai perlembagaan dan dasar yang komprehensif diperlukan. Kajian ini turut meneliti perubahan konsep ketuanan politik Melayu dan kesannya terhadap pentadbiran Selangor. Penemuan ini menekankan keperluan pendekatan kerajaan yang menghargai kepelbagaian dan memastikan pertumbuhan yang adil demi perpaduan politik jangka panjang.

Examining E-Waste Recycling Behaviour Among Malaysian Public in Negeri Sembilan

Nur Batrisyia Nordin — 2025-04-30

E-waste refers to electrical and electronic equipment that is damaged, non-functional, or outdated, including items such as washing machines, refrigerators, televisions, computers, air conditioners, and mobile phones. These materials often contain hazardous substances, including lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. Improper disposal of e-waste, such as in landfills, rivers, or through incineration, releases toxic chemicals that pose significant risks to both the environment and human health. This study investigates the influence of attitude, e-waste sorting knowledge, facility support, and subjective norms on e-waste recycling practices among residents of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Data were collected from 100 respondents using a convenience sampling method and a Google Form questionnaire. Descriptive analysis revealed that most respondents demonstrated moderate levels of e-waste recycling behavior and perceived facility support to be at a medium level, while their attitudes, knowledge, and subjective norms were high. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant positive relationship between e-waste sorting knowledge and subjective norms with e-waste recycling behavior. The findings provide valuable insights for stakeholders to enhance and promote effective recycling practices. Educating the public on e-waste management is crucial to fostering environmental responsibility and ensuring the sustainable management of resources.

Shaping Identity, Shaping Power: The Politics of Kadazandusun Ethnic Identity in Sabah

Tony Paridi Bagang — 2025-04-30

The Kadazandusun ethnic identity in Sabah, Malaysia, has long been a subject of political and socio-cultural debate, particularly regarding its inclusivity and representation of Dusunic, Murutic, and Paitanic-speaking communities. Since the introduction of "Kadazandusun" as a unifying identity in 1989, efforts to consolidate this identity have been marked by contention and negotiation. Political leaders and ethnic organizations have repeatedly called for unity, transcending political ideologies, to establish a singular generic identity for the Kadazandusun that could also replace the "Lain-lain" (Others) category in official government classifications. This article examines the evolution of Kadazandusun identity politics, focusing on how political elites and ethnic organizations construct, reconstruct, and mobilize ethnic identity to achieve both cultural and political objectives. Adopting a multifaceted methodological approach—including thematic analysis, content analysis, and ethnographic methods—the study reveals that Kadazandusun ethnic identity is not static but continuously shaped by the strategic actions of political elites and the instrumentalization of identity for political and electoral gains. By analyzing these dynamics, the article provides critical insights into the complex interplay between identity construction, political leadership, and cultural representation within the Kadazandusun community.

Examining Factors Affecting Rural Farmers' Well-being: A Case Study of Settlers Development Programme or Program Pembangunan Peneroka (PPP) in Malaysia

Nur Raihan Asilah Rasali — 2025-04-30

Globally, governments and policy makers have introduced various programmes to address poverty issues among the rural poor. One common programme is an income generation programme, which aims to enhance the well-being of the rural poor. In Malaysia such a programme is known as the Settler Development Programme aims to increase the income and well-being of rural farmers. However, this programme has encountered challenges in enhancing the well-being of rural farmers, as numerous settlers have struggled to improve their income and living conditions. This study aims to investigate the factors that impede settlers from improving their income and overall well-being. This study employed a qualitative study and conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 22 respondents. This study is purposely selected the respondents among FELDA settlers using a purposive sampling method. The study's findings indicate that factors such as financial burden, limited capability to act, and technological challenges hindered the settlers from improving their well-being. This study suggests that the government should ensure that the programme is more inclusive, allowing settlers to actively contribute to and benefit from the PPP.

Reducing Bullying Boosts Employee Engagement and Performance: A Study Among Employees at the Sarawak Public Works Department

Pauline Bret — 2025-04-30

Workplace bullying is becoming a widely recognised issue that can harm employee welfare and organisational efficiency, particularly in the public sector. This study examines the relationship between workplace bullying, employee engagement, and job performance among Sarawak Public Works Department support group staff. We distributed a standard questionnaire electronically and received 504 responses (258 females and 246 males). The study found a significant negative correlation between workplace bullying, employee engagement (r = -0.45, p < 0.01), and job performance (r = -0.50, p < 0.01). These findings highlight the importance of strong anti-bullying policies and employee engagement activities in public sector organisations, as these strategies are critical for improving job performance and organisational efficacy. The study emphasises that a supportive workplace reduces the adverse effects of bullying and positively increases individuals’ ability to contribute to organisational goals. To summarise, public sector managers and legislators must prioritise workplace bullying prevention and involvement. Organisations can foster a resilient workplace culture by emphasising these characteristics, improving employee well-being, and achieving organisational outcomes. Future research should better examine the long-term effects of bullying treatment and engagement activities to understand effective management strategies in public sector environments.

Recycling Intention Among Urban Community in Seremban: A Pilot Study

Rissa Ivy Hairee Wee — 2025-04-30

Recycling involves the collection, processing, and conversion of waste materials into new products to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills. Recycling in Malaysia is less than the rate of waste generation, and due to this, Malaysia is dealing with multiple waste management problems, including full landfills and piling up daily household waste. This study aims to pilot test the reliability of a questionnaire to be used in a larger study. Employing a quantitative method with a descriptive design and cross-sectional design, data were collected from 30 residents of Seremban who have participated in recycling activities in the district. Furthermore, the questionnaire's reliability was checked for Cronbach's Alpha test using SPSS software. Results from the pilot study indicated that all three factors that the questionnaire measured were reliable. Although the 'attitude' dimension had a marginally lower reliability value than the others initially, the removal of specific items improved the score, thereby validating the questionnaire's overall reliability and validity.

An Overview of the Structure and Future Prospects of China’s Urban and Rural Resident Pension Insurance (URRPI)

Hanjue Wang — 2025-04-30

Urban and Rural Resident Pension Insurance (URRPI) is a significant component of the social security framework, aimed at promoting equal access to old-age security public services. This study systematically organizes the institutional structure of the URRPI using qualitative research methods. The URRPI’s system structure consists of five main components: the responsible body, beneficiary composition, financing mode, payment mode, and operational mode. The analysis has revealed shortcomings in the current financing, payment, and operational models of the URRPI system. Several suggestions have been proposed to address the challenges faced during its implementation regarding the institutional composition of URRPI. These include enhancing financing capabilities, improving the payment process, and optimizing the operational capacity of pension insurance funds. Through these measures, it is expected that URRPI will better meet the needs of China’s social development, alleviate the pressure of population aging, and provide more equitable and sustainable pension security for insured residents.

Operationalizing Adaptive Team Performance: Design, Validation, and Application of Instruments in Law Enforcement

Norsyazwani Ab Halim — 2025-04-30

This paper presents the concept of adaptive team performance in the context of law enforcement, focusing on how teams can respond effectively to dynamic and often unpredictable challenges. Adaptive performance is important for teams that must make quick decisions, solve complex problems, and maintain effectiveness in high-pressure situations. Based on existing literature, this study identifies key dimensions of adaptive team performance, including handling emergencies, managing stress, solving problems creatively, dealing with uncertainty, training and learning efforts, interpersonal adaptability, cultural adaptability, and physical adaptability. It also explores the antecedents influencing adaptive behavior, such as individual characteristics, job autonomy, group dynamics, and organizational support. This study involves a review of selected literature to identify and synthesize relevant dimensions and antecedents of adaptive performance. The items from each adaptive performance dimension and antecedent were coded and subjected to thematic analysis to uncover underlying patterns and interrelationships. A systematic categorization of items was conducted, leading to the development of an adaptive performance framework. The adaptive performance framework focuses on key concepts from existing research to provide a comprehensive understanding of adaptive performance and how it can be fostered within organizations. This framework is particularly relevant for high-stakes environments like law enforcement, where adaptability is crucial for success.