Determination of Malathion Pesticide in Human Blood Using Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Cases of toxic pesticide poisoning pose significant legal and ethical challenges, particularly in determining the cause of death in victims. Traditional extraction methods like liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) introduce drawbacks, hindering accurate pesticide quantification in biological samples and potentially compromising exposure and toxicity assessments.  These methods may lack sensitivity, be time-consuming and require large solvent and sample volumes.