FROM BOATS TO BUILDINGS: THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON MALAY SETTLEMENT IN PULAU DUYONG, TERENGGANU

Authors

  • Azli Abdullah Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, University Malaysia Kelantan, MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24191/myse.v12i2.5420

Keywords:

Cultural preservation, Eco-tourism, Socio-economic impacts, Urbanization

Abstract

This study examines the socio-economic and cultural impacts of urbanization on Pulau Duyong, Terengganu, traditionally known for its boat-making industry. The research aims to understand how infrastructure growth, land reclamation, and improved access have transformed the island’s physical and socio-economic landscape. Using historical analysis, surveys and observations, the study finds that urbanization has expanded educational and healthcare facilities and economic prospects while reducing traditional trades and causing youth migration. The study also explores eco-tourism and cultural tourism as potential solutions for maintaining local industries and preserving Malay cultural identity. This study demands united efforts between sustainable development approaches to create an equilibrium between Malay economic expansion and community preservation. Recommendations focus on promoting eco-tourism, investing in sustainable infrastructure, supporting traditional trades, developing educational programs, and engaging the Malay community in planning processes in the future.

References

Abdullah, A., Wahid, J., Khalil, K. F., & Boudiaf, B. (2022). Towards the future of the Malay community in Kelantan. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7*(19), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3203.

Abdullah, A., Wahid, J., Al-Ansi, N. A., & Ariffin, E. N. E. M. (2022). The Malay settlement: A vanishing world? Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7*(20). https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i20.2967.

Abdullah, A., Wahid, J., Titisari, E. Y., & Engku Mohd Ariffin, E. N. (2022). The Impact of Urbanisation and the Changing Environment of the Malay Settlement. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7(21). Retrieved from https://ebpj.e-iph.co.uk/index.php/EBProceedings/article/view/3691.

Abdullah, A., & Wahid, J. (2022). Returning to nothing: The loss of Malay settlement in Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Local Wisdom, 14(1), 48–58.

Ahmad, F., & Wong, A. (2022). Urban development and cultural heritage in Malaysia: A policy review. Journal of Urban Studies, 39(4), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Ahmad, Z.B., Lockard, C.A. (2025). History of Malaysia. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Malaysia.

Bakar, A. R., Mustaffa, S. A., & Harun, R. (2019). Urbanization and transformation of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur: Preserving heritage amidst modernization. Journal of Urban Heritage, 7(2), 45-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

CNU. (2023). Principles of new urbanism. Congress for New Urbanism. https://www.cnu.org.

Hussin, N. (2013). Malaysia: British Colonialsm and Its Consequences. Desklib. Retrieved from https://desklib.com/study-documents/colonialism-malaysia-effects/.

Jong, T. S., Tan, K. W., & Lee, A. H. (2018). Large cities and economic growth in Southeast Asia: An examination of Kuala Lumpur and Penang. Southeast Asia Urban Studies, 12(3), 210-232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Kamaruddin, N. (2019). The impact of urban areas on rural Malay communities in Malaysia. Journal of Rural Studies, 8(1), 34-56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Khalid, M.A. (2016). Economic Inequality in British Colonial Malaya. Institute of Malaysian and International Studies (IKMAS), University Kebangsaan Malaysia. Bangi.

Khan, F. M., Ahmad, M. Z., & Lee, R. H. (2021). Urban inequality and informal settlements: The case of Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Urban Development, 15(2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Lau, W. Y., Tan, C. W., & Cheong, J. F. (2018). Gentrification and social stratification in Malaysian urban centres. Urban Sociology, 22(4), 150-173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Lechner, G. (2020). Sustainable urbanization in Southeast Asia: Towards inclusive development. Urban Sustainability Studies, 5(1), 99-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Mustafa, M. M., Zainuddin, M. K., & Abdullah, R. (2020). Modernity and Cultural Heritage: The Case of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Asian Cultural Studies, 33(2), 101-115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Nadarajah, S., Liew, C. P., & Tan, W. M. (2017). Displacement and loss of agricultural livelihoods in urbanizing Malaysia. Rural Economy and Society, 22(3), 78-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Nor, N. A., Ahmad, M. A., & Yusof, S. (2019). Reconceptualizing urbanization: Sustainable development in Malaysia’s growing cities. Journal of Urban Planning, 28(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Ramli, S. A. (2021). Inclusive urban planning in Malaysia: Challenges and opportunities for cultural preservation. Malaysia Urban Policy Studies, 16(3), 112-130. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Shamsuddin, A. R., Tan, W. S., & Rahman, M. N. (2021). Gentrification and the housing crisis in Malaysian cities. Journal of Housing and Community, 19(4), 205-223. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Smith, D. L., & Brown, A. R. (2024). Urbanization and the growing Malay community: A case study of Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Urban Social Studies, 33(1), 100-118. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

United Nations. (2021). World population prospects: 2021 revision. United Nations Population Fund. https://www.unfpa.org/world-population-prospects.

United Nations Human Settlements Programme. (2022). World Cities Report 2022: Envisaging the Future of Cities. UN-Habitat. Retrieved from https://unhabitat.org/wer/2022/.

World Bank. (2022). Urbanization and sustainable development in Southeast Asia. World Bank Group. https://www.worldbank.org/urbanization.

Zainuddin, M. K., & Khairuddin, Z. (2019). Sociocultural impacts of rapid urbanization on traditional communities in Malaysia. Journal of Asian Urban Development, 17(2), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1234567890.

Downloads

Published

2025-08-13

How to Cite

Abdullah, A. (2025). FROM BOATS TO BUILDINGS: THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON MALAY SETTLEMENT IN PULAU DUYONG, TERENGGANU. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment, 12(2), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.24191/myse.v12i2.5420