Voice of Academia
type: channel
description: The Voice Academia (VOA) (ISSN: 1985-5079, e ISSN: 2682-7840) is published twice a year in June and December. VOA will be accepting social science. PUBLICATION IS FREE OF CHARGE. VOA is indexed in MyCite, MyJurnal. CLICK HERE TO SUBMIT MANUSCRIPT
publisher: UiTM Press
language: en
publication name: Voice of Academia
issn: 1985-5079
items: MALAYSIAN PRONUNCIATION: IS IT WRONG TO SOUND MALAYSIAN?
items: THE MALAYSIAN YOUTH ACCEPTANCE LEVEL ON PLASTIC BAG CAMPAIGN THROUGH THE SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING
items: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN E-TRAINING, MOTIVATION AND JOB PERFORMANCE DURING MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER
items: EDUCATIONAL CARD GAME FOR CHINESE CHARACTER LEARNING
items: INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 & ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS: WHERE ARE WE NOW?
items: DETECTION OF THE CORNER POINTS FROM A MAP
items: CONTRIBUTING FACTORS ON CUSTOMER RETENTION FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF MALAYSIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS
items: THE IMPACT OF JOB STRESS ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG ACADEMICS OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN SELANGOR
items: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIALIZATION ON EMPLOYEES’ ASSIMILATION TACTICS IN MALAYSIAN MNC ORGANIZATIONS
items: MODELLING PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF ROHINGYA REFUGEES USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (PLS) IN MALAYSIA
items: PREFERENCE TO PURCHASE ENTRANCE TICKETS ONLINE: A CASE STUDY OF ESCAPE PARK, PENANG
items: KEPENTINGAN DAN SARANAN MENUNTUT ILMU MENURUT ISLAM BERDASARKAN DALIL AL-QURAN DAN AS-SUNNAH
items: STRESSORS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG PART-TIME STUDENTS IN A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN MALAYSIA
items: AIR MALAYSIA POLLUTION INDEX GENERATION BY USING FUZZY LOGIC AIR QUALITY INDEX (FLAQI) SYSTEM
items: TAFSIR TEMATIK: ISTILAH AL-FULK DALAM AL-QURAN
items: THE IMPACT OF HALAL BRAND PERSONALİTY AND ONLİNE BRAND TRUST ON THE ONLİNE HALAL FOOD PURCHASE INTENTİON: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER
items: THE LUXURY VALUE PERCEPTION: MALAYSIAN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE TOWARDS PURCHASE INTENTION
items: SOCIAL MEDIA USE TOWARD ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM)
items: SOLVING THE CONUNDRUM OF DOMESTIC WASTE: THE ENABLERS OF WASTE COOKING OIL RECYCLING INTENTION
items: https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/VOA/article/view/11883
items: REVOLUTION OF MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONS TOWARDS BANKING CUSTOMERS IN NORTHERN REGION, MALAYSIA
items: TINJAUAN LITERATUR PEMBELAJARAN KOSA KATA ARAB MENERUSI APLIKASI CANVA
items: APPLICATION OF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR ON THE SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION AMONG YOUTH IN IPOH, PERAK
items: STOCK MARKET AND EXCHANGE RATE: THE GREAT BALANCING ACT : A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
items: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MANDARIN PRONUNCIATION LEARNING STRATEGIES
items: CULTIVATING USAGE AND WORD-OF-MOUTH IN FOOD DELIVERY APPLICATIONS: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
items: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CONFIDENCE INTERVAL METHODS FOR MEAN ESTIMATION IN STATISTICAL RESEARCH
items: DOES BOARD SIZE MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND FIRM PERFORMANCE?
items: POST COVID-19 ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: AN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA EXPERIENCE
items: DOES AUDIT QUALITY MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE RISK-TAKING AND FIRM PERFORMANCE?

MALAYSIAN PRONUNCIATION: IS IT WRONG TO SOUND MALAYSIAN?
type: item
description: The status of English language in Malaysia has been long known and understood by citizens of Malaysia. From its native countries, English has spread to all parts of the world. In Malaysia, English was brought by the British colonialists. Now, English is the second official language in the country and it serves as the medium of professional communication. As English is now used globally, Malaysian English (ME) has emerged to be accepted as a legitimate variety of English. Phonology is one of the notable differences between ME and native English, mainly British English. Due to the differences, there have been endless debates and discussions whether it is wrong to sound Malaysian. The focus of this conceptual paper is to highlight the common mistakes among Malaysians, in particular the learners of the English language so improvements can be made. Also, it is to highlight the importance of good use of English when conversing. Although challenges and problems in pronunciation are understood and acknowledged, suggestions are made so that the level of pronunciation among Malaysians can be improved.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social media, No plastic bag campaign , environment, youth
  topic: keywords
creator: Nor Asni Syahriza Abu Hassan
creator: Wan Nurul Fatihah Wan Ismail
creator: Nurul Nadwa Ahmad Zaidi
creator: Nurul Hijah Hasman
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 239
ending page: 252
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11930

THE MALAYSIAN YOUTH ACCEPTANCE LEVEL ON PLASTIC BAG CAMPAIGN THROUGH THE SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING
type: item
description: This research examined the influence of social media advertising conducted on young people. The incidence of landfill spillover with plastic bags has increased drastically especially during the pandemic Covid 19 due to the huge usage rate of plastic consumption among consumers. This situation could be prevented if the young consumer has a high awareness of the effect of plastic on the environment. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between environmental awareness and social responsibility of youth response and their acceptance of the ‘No Plastic Bag Day’ campaign through social media. The online survey was designed and distributed targeting youth in Malaysia. The result of the analysis showed that environment awareness indicated a significant relationship to influence the youth on their acceptance towards ‘No Plastic Bag Day’ campaign, while social responsibility is not significant. Finally, all independent variables contributed 54.4 % to the dependent variable, while the rest were explained by other variables not examined in this research. In this relation, marketers, the industry, and policymakers decision can use these findings to cater to this group segment in the future.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social media, No plastic bag campaign , environment, youth
  topic: keywords
creator: Noorita Mohammad
creator: Nur Ainiey Aida Abdul Ghani
creator: Che Ros Alia Che Abdul Ghani
creator: Miza Afifah Mazlan
creator: Muhammad Adib Mohammad Bakri
creator: Izzul Areef Mohammad Khairi
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 258
ending page: 238
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11929

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN E-TRAINING, MOTIVATION AND JOB PERFORMANCE DURING MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER
type: item
description: Covid-19 pandemic which is spread almost all over the world has changed the pattern of human life, both economically and socially. As a result of Movement Control Order (MCO), organizations today are turning to online training involving staff at all levels. Although e-training is considered economical, certain methods and strategies need to be sought so that the effectiveness of e-training in enhancing employees’ job performance can be achieved. This study is carried out to examine the relationship between several elements of training effectiveness and job performance. This study is cross-sectional and correlational in nature. Based on the data obtained from 140 employees in a municipal council in Malaysia, regression analysis found that there is a significant relationship between e-training efficiencies, e-training method and training motivation with job performance. The results of this study provide implication to the organization in finding ways to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of e-training.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: job performance, e-training infrastructure, e-training efficiency, e-training method, training motivation.
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Atiqah Adnan
creator: Shaiful Annuar Khalid
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 186
ending page: 198
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i1.11924

EDUCATIONAL CARD GAME FOR CHINESE CHARACTER LEARNING
type: item
description: Chinese characters often categorized as an ideographic or logographic writing systems. In comparison, Chinese characters have different writing systems with alphabetical writing systems. Learners show unsatisfactory results due to the complexity of orthographic structure in Chinese characters which also led to a negative impact on Mandarin learning. Thus, an educational card game, namely “Chinese Character Battle (CCB)” was designed for Mandarin learners to learn Chinese characters. This educational card game was implemented in Mandarin as Foreign Language (MFL) classroom for this preliminary study as a step to explore users’ perceptions about CCB and the impact of CCB in Chinese character recognition. An online survey, pre-test, and post-test were used to achieve the objectives of this study. A recorded video of “How to Play CCB” was shared with participants prior to the use of CCB. Non-native Chinese learners from University Teknologi Mara, Sarawak branch, Mukah campus participate in this study. The findings of this study revealed that: (1) participants responded positively towards the use of CCB; (2) the implementation of CCB showed positive impact on Chinese character recognition. Hence, it could be concluded that CCB is an effective and useful supplementary learning tool for Mandarin learners to improve their Chinese character recognition
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chinese character; educational card game; recognition of characters; perception; performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Ting Hie Ling
creator: Lam Kai Chee
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 177
ending page: 185
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11923

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 & ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS: WHERE ARE WE NOW?
type: item
description: Competencies that comprised of knowledge, skills and attitudes are widely changing especially in the era of IR 4.0. Malaysians nowadays are trying to be parallel with the existence and transformation of sophisticated and challenging technology particularly in academic library’s environment. These technologies will help the academic librarians to enhance the library’s service for the users’ needs. Managing academic librarians is not an easy task as to ensure users can get access to the library’s services and materials with comfort and successfully especially in IR 4.0 era. This conceptual paper comprises how academic librarian presenting the knowledge, skills and attitudes in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Attitudes, competencies, IR 4.0, knowledge, skill,
  topic: keywords
creator: Asmadi Mohammed Ghazali
creator: Abd Latif Abdul Rahman
creator: Nor Hidayah Othman
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 164
ending page: 176
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11922

DETECTION OF THE CORNER POINTS FROM A MAP
type: item
description: The important points in the image that can view the information and features of the image are known as the corner points. The corner points can be detected by using several techniques. The techniques that involve in the detection of corner points are known as corner detector. In this study, a new technique named FAST Corner Detector is proposed to detect the corner points of Kampung Bukit Kapar map. Detection of corner points accurately is significant to the image processing, which can reduce the noise and much of the calculations. In this study, the initial technique is smoothing the image and extracting the outline of the image. Then, FAST Corner Detector is used to detect the corner points by considering the amount of corner point detection and run time processing.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Corner Detector, FAST, information, Kampung Bukit Kapar
  topic: keywords
creator: Siti Sarah Raseli
creator: Norpah Mahat
creator: Afina Amirhussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 158
ending page: 163
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11921

CONTRIBUTING FACTORS ON CUSTOMER RETENTION FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF MALAYSIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS
type: item
description: Bank management has a great responsibility to generate enough revenue to keep the bank running. Due to stiff competition among the banks in Malaysia, it is significantly importance of retaining its customers in order to be sustainable and competitive. Customer retention can reward banks with their continuous support with repeat purchases which directly contribute to a stream of revenues. Additionally, customers can contribute positive word-of-mouth and referral that serve as a “walking advertisement” by providing recommendations that are more workable than the bank spending on advertisement fees. As shown in the banks' yearly financial record for the past decade, their profit was inconsistent. The challenges facing the banking industry seem unimaginable due to the stiff competition among the banks to attract customers. The banking industry is expected to face dramatic in customer retention. With the execution of relationship marketing and pricing, the chances for the bank's success and growth will be secured. Marketing is based on a relationship in understanding customers’ needs by initiating close bonding between bank employees and customers. Therefore, this paper intends to discuss factors that may contribute to customer retention in the banking industry by applying relationship marketing and pricing factors that lead to customers' repeat purchases.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Customer Retention, banks, relationship marketing, price
  topic: keywords
creator: Chim Weng Kong
creator: Maria Abdul Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 147
ending page: 157
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11920

THE IMPACT OF JOB STRESS ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG ACADEMICS OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN SELANGOR
type: item
description: The study investigates the impact of job stress on job satisfaction among academics of public university in Selangor. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationships between the factors that affect stress, which are Workload, Role of Ambiguity and Role of Conflict. The researchers have selected the academicians from the public university in Selangor as the study population, which involved 320 academicians. The statistical analyses were performed using version 23 of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). In order to identify the impact of job stress on job satisfaction, the Correlation and Multiple Regressions analyses were used. The results showed that there is a weak relationship between independent and dependent variables. The researchers hope that the results will also provide numerous benefits to the organization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Job satisfaction, Role of Ambiguity, Role of Conflict, Workload,
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Shafini Mohd Said
creator: Nurfarhana Iylia Mazelan
creator: Siti Rapidah Omar Ali
creator: Khalid Amin Mat
creator: Nasiha Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 140
ending page: 146
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11919

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIALIZATION ON EMPLOYEES’ ASSIMILATION TACTICS IN MALAYSIAN MNC ORGANIZATIONS
type: item
description: Globalization increases the opportunities of foreign companies to enter new markets. Adequate assimilation programs are often not available to foreigners and local workers to completely understand and adapt to the new organizational culture presented to them. Socialization tactics represent a technique for addressing access to cultural assimilation in multi-national companies (MNC) within the host countries. This study is to examine the influence of socialization tactics on employees' assimilation in MNC organizations (n=396). Data were collected from a few private MNC organizations in the northern region of Malaysia. The independent variable in the study is mainly known as socialization tactics which can be divided into two; institutionalized tactics and individualized tactics. We examined the extent of employees' assimilation effectiveness, the link between socialization tactics and employees' assimilation, the influence of institutionalized and individualized tactics on employees' assimilation, and to determine the relationship between institutionalized and individualized tactics and also the dimension of employees' assimilation (familiarity with coworkers, familiarity with supervisor, acculturation, recognition, involvement, job competency and role negotiation). Among the independent variables, institutionalized tactics were found to be the dominant factor in influencing employees' assimilation among employees in MNC organizations. These findings support the feasibility to comprehend the socialization approach as a key to the effectiveness of employees' assimilation process. This paper will benefit the MNC organizations to compete well and drive towards its sustainable growth within the industry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Employee assimilation, Globalization, MNC
  topic: keywords
creator: Kardina Kamaruddin
creator: Noor Malinjasari Ali
creator: Nurul Nadzirah Azizan
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 103
ending page: 131
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11912

MODELLING PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF ROHINGYA REFUGEES USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (PLS) IN MALAYSIA
type: item
description: As every part of the world is battling with the deadly virus, Malaysia is also struggling in flattening the Covid-19 curve with Rohingya refugees being one of the clusters involved. This creates both a positive and negative perception of the Rohingya community in this country. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perception of the public on Rohingya refugees in Malaysia. Public perception is referred to as the process to determine the way people interpreted their surroundings. Apart from that, the objectives are also mainly to identify the relationship between media, knowledge, government policy and competition in job toward the public perception of Rohingya refugees. 384 respondents of this study were community lived in Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia. A purposive sampling technique was used with a questionnaire as the instrument. SEM-PLS analysis was conducted and the findings show that there is a significant relationship between the variables and perception of Rohingya refugees with mass media considered as the main factor. This study suggested that public perceptions can be constructed through the tested variables even knowledge can be considered to have a low impact on perception. Hence, various parties such as authority, non-governmental bodies and community has benefited from the study.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Job Competition, Knowledge, Media, Policy, Perception, Refugee, Rohingya
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohd Ramlan Mohd Arshad
creator: Mohd Na’eim Ajis
creator: Aizat Khairi
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 90
ending page: 102
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11911

PREFERENCE TO PURCHASE ENTRANCE TICKETS ONLINE: A CASE STUDY OF ESCAPE PARK, PENANG
type: item
description: Today, websites are the heart and core of every modern business. It has developed into a typical source of information on data, communication, and shopping. It is increasingly used to gain information and understanding of a topic. Understanding the web surfers’ behavior and preferences allows the sports tourism providers to strategize their e-retailing businesses effectively. This study determines the sports tourist’s preference to purchase ESCAPE Park entrance tickets online, specifically between the gender groups. Questionnaires were distributed randomly to a total of 192 male and 192 female sports tourists at the ESCAPE Park, Penang. Data collected was statistically analysed using Descriptive Analysis and Independent Sample T-Test. Basically, the sports tourist’s decision to purchase entrance ticket online was influenced by the website image, website routine, website knowledge, and website innovativeness. The website image and website routine were described as the utmost influencers on the choice to purchase the e-entrance ticket. Specifically, both male and female sports tourists were equally influence by the factors of website image, website routine, website knowledge, and website innovativeness. These findings can be of reference to e-retail sports tourism researchers and practitioners in planning the upcoming strategies to improve their website page to encourage e-retail sports tourism business. Future studies could consider the customer’s satisfaction and loyalty for a better understanding of sports tourists’ consumer behaviour and focusing on the other demographic elements could benefits comparison purpose.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sports theme park and water park, online transactions, website image, website routine, website knowledge, website innovativeness
  topic: keywords
creator: Khor Poy Hua
creator: Nur Dinie Mustaqim Abdul Wahab
creator: Lim Khong Chiu
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 72
ending page: 89
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11910

KEPENTINGAN DAN SARANAN MENUNTUT ILMU MENURUT ISLAM BERDASARKAN DALIL AL-QURAN DAN AS-SUNNAH
type: item
description: Ilmu is a knowledge that covers various aspects of the field of study that is acquired by a person either through the act of learning or acquired through experience. Knowledge is also knowledge that covers matters based on Islamic law, human relationship with God, human relationship with nature, human relationship with humans and knowledge in daily life. Among others, knowledge is also a general form that covers matters related to worldly matters and the hereafter for the benefit of human beings in continuing life. In addition, knowledge also has knowledge that is good and knowledge that is used for evil purposes. Therefore, knowledge covers the knowledge of fardu ain and fardu kifayah that must be demanded by every human being. The importance of seeking knowledge is much discussed in the main propositions of the Qur’an and Sunnah. The demand for human beings to seek knowledge has been clearly explained in both sources. However, in our time human beings are lazy and negligent in seeking and obtaining knowledge. Mankind seems to ignore the demands of seeking knowledge that has been organized in Islam. Therefore, this study will discuss the importance and recommendations of seeking knowledge according to Islam based on the main propositions by bringing propositions and arguments related to the demand for knowledge of human beings. The research method is to analyze the propositions and recommendations found in Islam that invite people to seek and seek knowledge based on the main propositions, namely the Qur’an and the Sunnah, and discuss the recommendations based on the views of Islamic scholars. Ilmu merupakan suatu pengetahuan yang meliputi pelbagai aspek bidang kajian yang diperolehi oleh seseorang sama ada melalui tindakan belajar atau di perolehi melalui pengalaman. Ilmu juga merupakan pengetahuan yang meliputi perkara yang berasaskan hukum syarak, hubungan manusia dengan Allah, hubungan manusia dengan alam, hubungam manusia dengan manusia dan ilmu dalam kehidupan…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Menuntut Ilmu, Manusia, Dalil Al-Quran (Seeking Science (Ilmu), Man, Al-Quran Proof)
  topic: keywords
creator: Aemy Aziz
creator: Muhammad Anas Ibrahim
creator: Muhammad Saiful Islam Ismail
creator: Syaimak Ismail
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 62
ending page: 71
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11909

STRESSORS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG PART-TIME STUDENTS IN A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN MALAYSIA
type: item
description: Stress can be considered as a universal phenomenon. It can affect all levels of students and grades. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between factors that influence stress namely workload, academic stress, and financial stress and students’ academic performance. A group of 357 e-pjj students in a public university have participated in this study. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Information on demographic background, workload, academic stress, financial stress, and academic performance were collected. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were also examined. The findings indicated that, there is a moderate relationship between independent and dependent variables. Financial stress is proven to be the most significant factor towards academic performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Academic stress, financial stress, workload, academic performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Siti Rapidah Omar Ali
creator: Nurulain Ajit
creator: Nur Shafini Mohd Said
creator: Khalid Amin Mat
creator: Nasiha Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 50
ending page: 61
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11906

AIR MALAYSIA POLLUTION INDEX GENERATION BY USING FUZZY LOGIC AIR QUALITY INDEX (FLAQI) SYSTEM
type: item
description: Air pollution refers to the release of pollutant into the air that is detrimental to human health and the planet. In Malaysia, air pollution index was generated by the Air Pollution Index in Malaysia (APIMS) under the Department of Environment (DOE). This study aims to analyze air pollution in Malaysia by using fuzzy logic to determine the performance of Fuzzy Logic Air Quality Index (FLAQI) by comparing the value with the APIMS. The method used in this system is a fuzzy logic system. This method is preferred since it is user-friendly, and the rules set up are from the hierarchical fuzzy systems. Besides, the membership of each input and output is entered in the MATLAB software to generate the output of FLAQI based on parameters (suspended specific matter of less than 25 microns in size 5, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and suspended particular matter of less than 10 microns) and the IF-THEN rules. 362 data have been analyzed and compared to the actual data from DOE. Therefore, the fuzzy logic approach can generate the air pollution index as it shows 82.32% of accuracy between actual data with the output of FLAQI.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Air Pollution Index (API), Department of Environment (DOE), Fuzzy Logic Air Quality Index (FLAQI) model, MATLAB
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohd Fazril Izhar Mohd Idris
creator: Siti Asma Mohamad Tohir
creator: Khairu Azlan Abd Aziz
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 38
ending page: 49
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11903

TAFSIR TEMATIK: ISTILAH AL-FULK DALAM AL-QURAN
type: item
description: This article discusses the terminology ‘vessel’ or al-Fulk in on the Quran. Al-Fulk is one of the terminologies mentioned in the Qur'an for marine vehicles for human use in various functions, aside from the term al-Safinah and al-Jawar. This writing focuses only on the term al-Fulk because it is mentioned more frequently in the Qur'an than al-Safinah and al-Jawar. This study is a qualitative study by means of content analysis in a thematic interpretation or tafsir mawdhu'i by reference to authoritative sources of the Qur'an, especially the books of tafsir (interpretation) and the opinion of the scholars in explaining the term al-Fulk. The findings of this study show that the term al-Fulk refers to the vessels used to accommodate humans, animals and goods. The term al-Fulk also symbolizes the power of Allah SWT, the call to thank Him, and as a mean of transport for seeking livelihood. Artikel ini membincangkan istilah al-Fulk yang bermaksud kapal, di dalam al-Quran. Al-Fulk ialah salah satu istilah yang disebut dalam al-Quran sebagai kenderaan laut untuk kegunaan manusia yang mempunyai pelbagai pelbagai fungsi, di samping istilah al-Safinah dan al-Jawar. Penulisan ini hanya memfokuskan kepada istilah al-Fulk kerana perkataan ini disebut lebih kerap dalam al-Quran berbanding al-Safinah dan al-Jawar. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan (content analysis) secara tafsir tematik atau tafsir mawdhu’i dengan merujuk kepada sumber-sumber berautoriti daripada al-Quran khususnya kitab-kitab tafsir serta pendapat ulama dalam menjelaskan istilah al-Fulk. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa istilah al-Fulk memberi makna kapal yang digunakan untuk memuatkan muatan manusia, haiwan dan juga barangan. Istilah al-Fulk juga menunjukkan lambang kekuasaan Allah SWT, seruan untuk bersyukur kepada-Nya dan sebagai alat pengangkutan untuk mencari rezeki.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Al-Fulk, Al-Quran, Tafsir Tematik Thematic Interpretation,
  topic: keywords
creator: Siti Aisyah Yusof
creator: Noor Syahidah Mohamad Akhir
creator: Muhammad Saiful Islami Mohd Taher
creator: Azrul Shahimy Mohd Yusof
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 25
ending page: 35
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11902

THE IMPACT OF HALAL BRAND PERSONALİTY AND ONLİNE BRAND TRUST ON THE ONLİNE HALAL FOOD PURCHASE INTENTİON: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER
type: item
description: The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework that provides insight and aids in understanding the factors that determine the intention of consumer to purchase halal food products via an online platform. Online consumer behaviour can be described as the way the consumer perceives the process involved in the online purchase. Consumers can order and purchase halal food from a diverse range of websites like grocery stores, supermarkets, restaurants, food intermediaries, and delivery businesses. By understanding what makes customers shop online, online retailers can build more trustable, secure, attractive, and useful websites and create the effective marketing programme for their customers. Past researches found the connection between brand personality in relation with food choice. Customers tend to purchase from the online website they trust and brands that are familiar and suitable with their personality. Although the relationship between trust and online purchase intention had been widely discussed, how trust mediates the relationship between brand personality and online purchase intention remains uncertain. Therefore, trust as a moderating variable is introduced in the conceptual framework to determine if there exists positive behavioural outcomes. The framework aids understanding in the relationships and provides insights into how these relationships develop.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Halal Brand Personality, Online Brand Trust, Online Purchase Intention, Halal Food.
  topic: keywords
creator: Musdiana Mohamad Salleh
creator: Etty Harniza Harun
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 11
ending page: 24
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11901

THE LUXURY VALUE PERCEPTION: MALAYSIAN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE TOWARDS PURCHASE INTENTION
type: item
description: The research will investigate the intention of purchasing behaviour of Malaysian consumers using TPB variables known as the attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. The conceptual model will be moderated by emotional intelligence and will examine the effect of the luxury values towards the Malaysian consumers’ purchase intention. The model used Wiedmann (2007) framework. This research needed a comprehension investigation in Malaysia as a developing country. The results of the research would help the luxury marketers to plan, improve and execute the marketing and communicating strategy in Malaysia. This study also offers a broad literature of the four luxury values of the Malaysian customers towards luxury products.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Luxury Value Perception, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Malaysian Consumers’, Purchase Intention, Emotional Intelligence.
  topic: keywords
creator: Arunnaa Sivapathy
creator: Safwan Marwin Abdul Murad
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v17i2.11900

SOCIAL MEDIA USE TOWARD ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM)
type: item
description: This study investigated the impacts of social media use on the academic performances of Diploma in Information Management (DIM) students from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Sarawak branches. This study examines the types of student addictiveness, purposes and impacts of social media and its influence on their academic performance. The research methodology involved a survey questionnaire with 224 respondents from DIM students, using the Likert scale and a structured interview with five DIM students representing five branches of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). The result showed that the highest mean ranking of types of student addictiveness refers to delaying study when online with social media. In contrast, the purpose of social media involves obtaining the latest news regarding current affairs. Additionally, the impact of using social media demonstrated that seeking relevant information has helped improve student’s grades. Findings from structured interviews also showed the explicit reasons and strengthened the results obtained from the survey questionnaire. In conclusion, social media use has positively contributed to academic performance by considering time management and awareness of negative impacts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social media use, university students & academic performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Sharifah Nur Suzyanie Syed Huzaili
creator: Asmadi Mohammed Ghazali
creator: Abd Latif Abdul Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 380
ending page: 390
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11885

SOLVING THE CONUNDRUM OF DOMESTIC WASTE: THE ENABLERS OF WASTE COOKING OIL RECYCLING INTENTION
type: item
description: Waste cooking oil can be reused and repurposed into valuable goods such as biodiesels and household products like soaps and candles. This study was conducted to identify the level of waste cooking oil recycling intention among Malaysian and the enablers of the intention. The enablers are measured based on three aspects, namely attitude towards waste cooking oil recycling, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. This study is quantitative, and the data is based on a survey approach. This study employed a combination of cluster and convenience sampling techniques and obtained a valid of 254 respondents. The hypotheses were analysed using multiple regression analysis. The study results showed that the respondent's intention to practice waste cooking oil recycling was moderate. Next, the study has revealed significant and positive relationships between attitude towards waste cooking oil recycling, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and waste cooking oil recycling intention. Then, perceived behavioural control has been instituted as the most significant enabler. Thus, individual self-compliance is considered a decisive factor. The theoretical and practical implications and future research suggestions were highlighted in the final section.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioural Control, Waste Cooking Oil, Recycling Intention
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhamad Aiman Mazlan
creator: Muhammad Alif Haiqal Asmizar
creator: Ilhamd Sazali
creator: Nurul Hidayana Mohd Noor
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 363
ending page: 379
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11884

https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/VOA/article/view/11883
type: item
title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE OF INVESTORS AND THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SHARIAH PUBLIC LISTED COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA, BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER COVID-19: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER
description: The objective of this paper is to propose the relationship between the corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) of investors and the financial performance of the Shariah public listed companies in Malaysia. This paper examines the literature related to the relationship between the corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) of investors and financial performance. This study is grounded on stakeholders’ theory. The dimensions of the three newly constructed CSRD investors were derived from the pilot test of ten selected companies’ annual reports for 2019. The paper proposes that there is a positive impact on CSRD investors’ dimension and financial performance of Shariah in Malaysia before, during, and after Covid-19. The Shariah public listed companies can best benefit from investors’ activities when it has a good reputation among major stakeholders. The stakeholders’ theory asserts the need for Shariah public listed companies for continuity in meeting stakeholders’ expectations in sustaining their social and financial performance during a crisis. This research contributes to the theoretical and practical contributions for future researchers to focus on more specific areas that will help to improve the financial performance of Shariah public listed companies. This paper adds to the body of corporate social responsibility literature by proposing the investors as one of the dimensions of corporate social responsibility disclosure of Shariah public listed companies in Malaysia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: corporate social responsibility disclosure), investors, financial performance, Shariah, stakeholder theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Dayangku Ruhayah Awang Bolhan
creator: Corina Joseph
creator: Siow Hoo Leong
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 344
ending page: 362
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11883

REVOLUTION OF MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONS TOWARDS BANKING CUSTOMERS IN NORTHERN REGION, MALAYSIA
type: item
description: Mobile banking services are increasingly common in Malaysia. Many people are drawn to using mobile banking in their daily lives because of its benefits for banking customers. Customers have the option of making online transactions rather than doing so in person at the bank counter. Banking customers are able to make a transaction with just one click from their gadgets in the information technology (IT) era. The term mobile banking applications refers to a mobile service that enables quick and easy money transactions from one account to another account. This paper seeks to study the determinants of the continuous intention of mobile banking applications from banking customers' perspectives in the Northern Region, of Malaysia. A quantitative approach was used in this study. Questionnaires were used to collect the data from all respondents through Google Forms. The respondents were banking customers from the Northern Region, Malaysia who used mobile banking applications with a number of samples of 384 respondents for this study in order to properly reflect the population and they were selected using stratified random sampling. The Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) will be used to evaluate the research data. Finally, this study can be applied and extended to determine the determinants of continuous intention on mobile banking applications in other countries.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Continuous Intention, Information Technology, Mobile Banking Application, UTAUT Model
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Alia Syahirah Zahari
creator: Nurul Labanihuda Abdull Rahman
creator: Hasyeilla Abdul Mutalib Abdul Mutalib
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 330
ending page: 343
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11882

TINJAUAN LITERATUR PEMBELAJARAN KOSA KATA ARAB MENERUSI APLIKASI CANVA
type: item
description: Arabic is one of the foreign languages that has existed in Malaysia and has developed through the education system at all levels, especially at higher education institutions like UiTM. In fact, learning a language is synonymous with mastering its vocabulary, which is at the core of understanding the language. This is because the vocabulary mastery factor is seen as a strategy to learning the basic language skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Previous studies have shown that the issue of Arabic vocabulary has become a dominant issue that has persisted until now, and it is being tried to be addressed through various strategies. However, it is classical in nature and is seen as less relevant to today’s technological sophistication, which increasingly dominates the development of knowledge and education. Therefore, this study aims to review the literature related to Arabic language vocabulary learning that adapts today's technology applications. This study is a qualitative one that applies a content analysis design as the main data collection method. Next, the data was analysed descriptively through three discussion topics. The results of the study show that there are emerging issues and problems that can be linked to learning Arabic vocabulary at UiTM. Therefore, the existence of these problems can help to create new ones. Bahasa Arab merupakan salah satu daripada bahasa asing yang telah wujud di Malaysia dan ia berkembang melalui sistem pendidikan dalam semua peringkat hingga ke peringkat institusi pengajian tinggi khususnya di UiTM. Mempelajari bahasa sememangnya sinonim dengan aspek penguasaan kosa kata yang menjadi teras utama memahami bahasa tersebut. Ini kerana faktor penguasaan kosa kata dilihat sebagai instrumen untuk menguasai asas kemahiran bahasa iaitu membaca, menulis, mendengar dan bertutur. Kajian lepas memperlihatkan isu kosa kata bahasa Arab menjadi isu dominan yang berlegar hingga kini dan ia cuba ditangani melalui pelbagai strategi. N…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Vocabulary, arabic language, application, canva
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhamad Khairul Anuar Zulkepli
creator: Mohd Zulkhairi Abd Hamid
creator: Burhanuddin Wahab
creator: Ahmad Fauzi Yahaya
creator: Nur Syafizan Mohd Sufter
creator: Mohd Fairuz Othman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 314
ending page: 329
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11881

APPLICATION OF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR ON THE SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION AMONG YOUTH IN IPOH, PERAK
type: item
description: Sustainable entrepreneurship is one of the critical components of the environment, life support system, and community preservation. Therefore, in every developing country, the government will encourage people to be and participate as sustainable entrepreneurs. This study's purpose is to determine the level of sustainable entrepreneurship intention among youth in Ipoh, Perak. Additionally, this study used the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as the fundamental theoretical framework to identify the behavioural determinants associated with sustainable entrepreneurship intention among youth. This study used a quantitative method that relies on the primary data collected through survey questionnaires from 221 youths living in Ipoh using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. This study also used descriptive and inferential statistics for data analysis purposes. Based on the findings, it appears that the majority of Ipoh's youth had a high level of sustainable entrepreneurship intention. This study also found that there are positive relationships between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and sustainable entrepreneurship intention among youth in Ipoh, Perak. Based on the findings, limitations of the study and recommendations for future research were also discussed. This study's findings also include recommendations for providing appropriate training, expanding the application of sustainable entrepreneurship among youth, and preventing interference by actors in entrepreneurial ecosystems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioural Control, Sustainable Entrepreneurship Intention
  topic: keywords
creator: Nor Hanizatul Azna Noor Azam
creator: Mohd Nazir Rabun
creator: Nur Umaimah Ikhsan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 302
ending page: 313
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11879

STOCK MARKET AND EXCHANGE RATE: THE GREAT BALANCING ACT : A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
type: item
description: The study presents a bibliometric analysis of the stock market-exchange rate nexus from 1986 to 2023. Data was retrieved from the Scopus database as of August 2023 and analyzed using VOSviewer and Bibliomagika. A total of 477 documents, with a total of 1125 contributing authors, have been obtained. The analysis reveals a persistent interest in this field of research, but with minor variations over time. The results showed that most publications on the stock market and exchange rate were published in 2021 and 2020. The International Review of Economics and Finance is the most significant source title, and most articles were published in journals categorized as economics, econometrics, and finance. The study identifies five clusters of keywords, including asymmetric effect, commodity prices, causal relationship, volatility spillovers, and COVID-19. The findings suggest that future research should focus on exploring the role of exchange rates as a hedge or safe haven during times of uncertainty. The study highlights the lack of a policy perspective in previous studies, emphasizing the significance of exchange rate policy in maintaining stock market stability.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: stock market, exchange rate, bibliometric analysis, asymmetry, spillovers
  topic: keywords
creator: Bee-Hoong Tay
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 282
ending page: 301
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11877

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MANDARIN PRONUNCIATION LEARNING STRATEGIES
type: item
description: This study utilized a systematic review approach in reviewing previous studies on Mandarin pronunciation learning strategies. Two accessible electronic databases, namely CNKI and Google Scholar were selected as the platform to search all relevant publication. A total of 14 relevant publications were collected and analysed. Findings of this study revealed that majority of MPLS publication are empirical studies covered quantitative and mixed method studies. Population selected in MPLS study involved both learners studied Mandarin in target and non-target environment. This study also indicated that cognitive and metacognitive strategies were perceived as the most frequent used strategies among Mandarin learners, while compensation strategies were the least frequently used strategies. Individual factors were major studied area compared to other factors. Findings showed that the studies on MPLS remain scarce. Hence, to fill the gap, it was highly recommended that more in-depth studies on MPLS needed to be carried out in future.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: learning strategies, systematic review, foreign language, Mandarin pronunciation & affecting factor
  topic: keywords
creator: Ting Hie Ling
creator: Ye Jun
creator: Lam Kai Chee
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 268
ending page: 281
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11876

CULTIVATING USAGE AND WORD-OF-MOUTH IN FOOD DELIVERY APPLICATIONS: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
type: item
description: Food delivery applications (FDAs) have surged in popularity in recent years, gaining widespread acceptance among consumers in both developed and developing countries. The appeal of these applications stems from their user-friendly interfaces and efficient food delivery services to people's homes. FDAs have also offered restaurants a unique opportunity to boost revenue without expanding seating capacity. The food sector transformed as busy consumers increasingly use FDAs due to hectic schedules, impacting dining and cooking habits. Despite the escalating popularity of FDAs, a need remains to comprehend the drivers of their usage and electronic word-of-mouth across various age groups and generations. Hence, this study seeks to conduct an in-depth literature review to explore the potential factors influencing FDA usage and eWOM. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is utilised as a guiding framework to underpin the rationale behind potential predictors, providing insights to practitioners and academics in the food delivery industry, thereby enhancing urban landscape planning and management efficiency. Additionally, the study aims to conceptually investigate potential connections between FDA users and demographic characteristics, uncovering potential differences. The study's findings are intended to offer valuable insights to practitioners and researchers within the food delivery sector, fostering a deeper understanding of the drivers behind food delivery app adoption and eWOM, with a clear focus on demographic distinctions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Food Delivery Applications, Technology Acceptance Model, Electronic Word-of-Mouth, Visibility, Affordance Value
  topic: keywords
creator: Nurul Syahirah Idris
creator: Muhammad Safuan Abdul Latip
creator: Noradzhar Baba
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 244
ending page: 267
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11875

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CONFIDENCE INTERVAL METHODS FOR MEAN ESTIMATION IN STATISTICAL RESEARCH
type: item
description: This study examines the development of confidence intervals for mean through a bibliometric approach through computational mapping analysis using VOSviewer. This paper aims to examine confidence interval and mean using bibliometric analysis. This paper also analyzes sources of publication, authorship, citations, distribution publications, and other bibliometric indicators. A bibliometric method was adopted. Literature published in academic journals indexed in the Scopus database was retrieved. The study period was set from 1950 to 2023. The study recalled 382 documents from 1950 to 2023 using keywords related to the research topic. It was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer software, and Harzing's Publish or Perish software. The documents were retrieved to rank the most productive countries, institutions, authors, keywords, influential articles, and the topic model. The findings show that the top publication journals are Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods and Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation. The top keywords in this research include confidence interval and coverage probability. Countries such as the United States, Thailand, and Taiwan dominate the publication of this area of study. This investigation provides a recent review of this fast-growing field to highlight status and trends using network visualization and bibliometric indicators. The findings are hoped to aid researchers in identifying and exploring potential emerging areas in the related field.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bibliometric, Scopus database, confidence interval, mean
  topic: keywords
creator: Siti Fairus Mokhtar
creator: Zahayu Md Yusof
creator: Hasimah Sapiri
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 222
ending page: 243
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11874

DOES BOARD SIZE MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND FIRM PERFORMANCE?
type: item
description: The study aims to determine the moderating effect of board size on the relationship between sustainability reporting and corporate performance. The 200 largest Malaysian firms, based on market capitalization (2021), are examined for the period from 2012 to 2021. The study uses a pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS), random, and fixed effects analysis. The results show that board size does not affect the relationship between sustainability reporting and firm performance. Moreover, the result is robust even after weakening the serial correlation and heteroskedasticity problem. The result suggests that board size plays a less significant role in influencing sustainability reporting and firm performance. Despite the less significant influence, board size should not be neglected as this variable is one of the most important determinants of corporate performance and should be further investigated in different contexts and variables.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sustainability reporting, board size, firm performance, Malaysia
  topic: keywords
creator: Jocelyn Mok Pau Chee
creator: Mohd Ashari Bakri
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 208
ending page: 221
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11873

POST COVID-19 ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: AN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA EXPERIENCE
type: item
description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been decreasing since vaccination is widely injected across areas, particularly in Yogyakarta. The teaching-learning process shifted from online to offline; some are blended/hybrid learning modes. The objective of this research is to describe English language teaching, which is conducted offline (face-to-face) learning in two countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. The researchers employed a qualitative design, particularly a case study, to portray English language teaching and learning as well as its challenges. The result reveals that teaching and learning activities in the Indonesian contexts are in three phases, pre, while, and post, with a scientific approach in the while phase and the Moodle platform as a medium to help teachers and students with learning activities. In the context of Malaysia, teaching activities employ various tools such as Google Classrooms, Google Meet, Facebook Live, Zoom, Telegram, and WhatsApp. These tools are either synchronous learning or asynchronous learning. Various challenges are also revealed in this teaching and learning, such as online media platforms and applications, time constraints, and a lack of pedagogical competence in designing activities promoting independent and autonomous learning activities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: online, offline, hybrid learning, blended mode, Moodle
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuyun Yulia
creator: Annisa Cahya Insani
creator: Shafinah Md Salleh
creator: Ima Widyastut
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-18
publication date: 2026-05-18
starting page: 192
ending page: 207
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11871

DOES AUDIT QUALITY MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE RISK-TAKING AND FIRM PERFORMANCE?
type: item
description: This study investigates the moderating effect of audit quality on the relationship between corporate risk-taking and firm performance. Data for this research were sourced from DataStream, and annual reports were obtained from the Bursa Malaysia website. Panel data analysis was utilized to analyze the data, specifically employing pooled OLS, random effects, and fixed effects models. Robust standard error estimation was applied to address potential serial correlation and heteroscedasticity issues. The study underscores the complex interplay between corporate risk-taking, audit quality, and firm performance. The findings indicate that audit quality does not moderate the relationship between corporate risk-taking and firm performance. While the role of audit quality is generally essential, it appears to be a less critical factor in managing corporate risk behavior and firm performance. Nevertheless, the significance of audit quality should not be underestimated by investors, practitioners, and regulators, as it remains vital for enhancing transparency and reducing information asymmetry in various key areas.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Shariah compliance, corporate risk- taking, firm performance, Malaysia
  topic: keywords
creator: Chia Yong Chia
creator: Mohd Ashari Bakri
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-17
publication date: 2026-05-17
starting page: 178
ending page: 191
doi: 10.24191/VoA.v20i2.11866