Safety Awareness among Office Workers and its Relations to Safety Attitude, Safety Culture and Safety Climate in Oil and Gas Industries
Keywords:
safety attitude, safety awareness, safety climate, safety culture, oil and gas industryAbstract
Previous research found out that 46.0 percent office workers worked in a very bad condition or unsafe workplace. During the preliminary interview with one of the companies in the oil and gas industry, the manager admitted that the level of safety awareness of the office workers was low as most actions were focused on the plantation site and rarely on the office workers even though there were also some minor
accidents that had occurred in the office. Another study also mentioned that the level of safety awareness of oil and gas industry in Malaysia is low, therefore, this research aimed to study about safety awareness in the oil and gas industry. Three factors had been identified as being relevant to safety awareness namely safety culture, safety attitude and safety climate. This research also aimed to examine the relationship between safety awareness, safety culture, safety climate and safety attitude. Two hundred and twelve (212) questionnaires were distributed to oil and gas office workers, and 157 were completed and analyzed. Two out of three variables were significant: safety climate and safety attitude, and one variable, safety culture, was not significant. For future research, this study suggested a bigger sample size and qualitative data for an in-depth study.
References
Al-Mekhlafi, A. A., Isha, A. S. N., Chileshe, N., Abdulrab, M., Kineber, A. F., Ajmal, M. (2021).
Impact of safety culture implementation on driving performance among oil and gas tanker drivers: A partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. Sustainability, 13(16), 8886. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168886 Ajmal, M., Isha, A. S. N., Nordin, S. M., Rasheed, S., Al-Mekhlafi, A. A., Naji, G. M. A. (2022).
Safety management and safety outcomes in oil and gas industry in Malaysia: Safety compliance as a mediator. Process Safety Progress, 41(S1), S10-S16. https://doi.org/10.1002/prs.12345 Attwood, D., Khan, F., Veitch, B. (2006).
Occupational accident models – where have we been and where are we going. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 19(6), 664-682. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2006.02.001 Barling, J., Loughin, C., & Kelloway, E. K. (2002).
Development and test of a model linking safety- specific transformational leadership and occupational safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 488-496. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.488. Borneo Post Online. (2016, November).
DOSH: Fewer work related accidents this year. Borneo Post Online.https://www.theborneopost.com/2016/11/21/dosh-fewer-work-related-accidents-thisyear/. Cheyne, A. J., Oliver, A., Cox, S. J. & Tomas, J. M. (2002).
The architecture of employee attitudes to safety in the manufacturing sector. Personnel Review Select, 31(6), 649-670. https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/43702/ Choudhry, R. M., Fang, D., Mohamed, S. (2007).
The nature of safety culture in manufacturing industry. International Journal of Humanity Social Science, 2, 176-183. Department of Statistics Official Portal, Malaysia. (2022). Big data analytics: National occupational accident statistics. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php Dejoy, D. M. (2005).
Behavior change versus cultural change: Divergent approaches to managing workplace safety. Safety Science, 43(2), 105-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.02.001 Dodge, R. B. (2011).
A transformative learning perspective on workplace safety. National-Louis University. https://newprairiepress.org/aerc/2011/papers/26/ Dollard, M., & Knott, V. (2004).
Incorporating psychosocial issues into our conceptual models of OHS. Journal of Occupational Health Safety, 20, 345-348. Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes (xxii ed.). Orlando, FL, US: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
Ibrahim, I. I., Noor, S. M., Nasirun, N., & Ahmad, Z. (2012). Safety in the office: Does it matter to the staff? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50, 730-740. https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com Ifelebuegu, A. O., Martins, O. A., Theophilus, S. C., & Arewa, A. O. (2019).
The role of emotional intelligence factors in workers’ occupational health and safety performance – a case study of the petroleum industry, Safety MDPI, 5(2), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety5020030 Jones, J. M. (2009).
Safety in the workplace: An investigation into the perceptions of a behavioral safety modification process in an industrial manufacturing setting. Nova Southeastern University. Kanikas, N., Melis, D. J., & Kourousis, K. I. (2018).
The balance between safety and productivity and its relationship with human factors and safety awareness and communication in aircraft manufacturing. Safety and Health at Work, 9(3), 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2017.09.001 Makin, A. M., & Winder, C. (2010).
Managing hazards in the workplace using organisational safety management systems: A safe place, safe person, safe systems approach. Journal of Risk Research, 12(3-4), 329-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669870802658998 Manitoba. (2022).
Manitoba workplace safety and health act, and regulation. https://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/safety/pdf/whs_workplace_safety_act_and_regs.pdf Naji, G. M. A., Isha, A. S. N., Alzoraiki, M., Al-Mekhlafi, A. A., Sharafaddin, O., & Saleem, M. S. (2020).
Impact of safety culture and psychosocial hazard on safety performance among upstream employees in Malaysia at Oil and Gas industry. Solid State Technology, 63(6), 4120-4126. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gehad-Naji/publication/345067410 Niciejewska, M. & Kač, S. M. (2019).
The work environment management in the aspect of the safety shaping at the administration and office workplace. SCIENDO, CzOTO, 1(1), 205-210. https://doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2019-0026 Nolan, D. P. (2011).
Handbook of fire and explosion protection engineering principles for oil, gas, chemical and related facilities. Elsevier Inc: Burlington, MA. USA Noor, A. I. S., Ismail, Z., & Yasin, S. M. (2022).
Safety culture, safety climate and safety performance in healthcare facilities: A systematic review. Safety Science, 147. 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105624 Ostrom, L., Wilhelmsen, C., & Kaplan, B. (1993).
Assessing safety culture. Nuclear Safety, 34(2), 163-172. http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2015/ph241/davis-n1/docs/assessingsafetyculture.pdf Salmon, P. M., & Stanlon, N. A. (2013).
Situation awareness and safety: Contribution or confusion? Situation awareness and safety editorial. Safety Science. 56(1-5). Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. Chichester: Wiley. Thory, K. (2016).
Developing meaningfulness at work through emotional intelligence training. International Journal of Training and Development, 20(1), 58-77. doi: 10.1111/ijtd.12069 Walker, G. H. M., Raffertu, L. A., & Stanton, N. A. (2012).
The human factors of fratricide. Ashgate Publishing, LTD. Wiegmann, D. A., Zhang, H., Von Thaden, T. L., Sharma, G., & Gibbons, A. M. (2004). Safety culture: An integrative review. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 14(2), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327108ijap1402_1 Xu, X., Le, N., He, Y., &Yao, X. (2020). Ream conscientiousness, team safety climate and individual safety performance: A cross level mediation model. Journal Business Psychology, 35(4), 505-517.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Noor Malinjasari Ali, Wan Afiq Aminin Wan Ahmad Fekri, Kardina Kamaruddin, Rahayu Izwani Borhanuddin, Suzila Mat Salleh, Hasmida Mohd Noor, Hasmi Mokhlas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
