A systematic review on Shorea species as planting stocks for forest restoration programme in Malaysia

Abstract

Shorea species have shown great promise as effective and beneficial candidates for forest restoration programs in Malaysia, considering their native status in the country's ecosystems and their ability to produce high-quality and valuable log products. These species also play important ecological roles, such as canopy formation. However, successful utilization of Shorea species in restoration programs requires careful assessment of factors like soil conditions, seed handling, light requirements, competition, disease and pest vulnerability, and associated costs.