Antibacterial Properties of Methanolic and Ethanolic Citrus microcarpa Leaf Extracts

Abstract

The rise in antibacterial resistance among bacterial species has led to the search for alternative antibacterial agents from natural sources. Antibacterials are substances recognised by the capability of eliminating or disturbing the growth of bacteria. They contribute to reducing the accumulation of plaques and infectious diseases. Citrus microcarpa, commonly known as calamansi, is famously recognised for its small green fruit with yellow pulp. The fruits and leaves are utilised as a traditional remedy and are recognised for their bioactive content including flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. These compounds are known to exhibit antibacterial properties. However, the effectiveness of C. microcarpa leaf extracts against bacteria remains unexplored. This study provides insight into the effectiveness of the Citrus microcarpa leaf extract as a natural antibacterial.