Antibacterial Activities of Syzygium aromaticum Ethanolic Extract Against Opportunistic Bacteria

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in opportunistic pathogens poses a significant public health threat, driving the search for natural alternatives to combat bacterial infections. Syzygium aromaticum (S. aromaticum), commonly known as clove, is rich in bioactive compounds, particularly eugenol, and is widely used as a cooking spice and traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the antibiotic susceptibility, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of S. aromaticum ethanolic extract against opportunistic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), to evaluate its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent.