Tensile and Morphological Properties of Biodegradable Composites Reinforced with Kenaf Core Fibres

Abstract

The combination of biodegradable polymers and affordable organic fillers has demonstrated efficacy in the production of economically viable composites, serving as a means to tackle environmental concerns and create products with enhanced mechanical characteristics.  Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a high ductility and low crystallinity polymer.  In the present research work, kenaf core reinforced composites were prepared via melt blending method using completely biodegradable PBAT.  A polymer composite reinforced with 10wt %, 20wt %, and 30wt % amounts of kenaf core has been prepared and characterized for its tensile and morphological properties.  The modulus of elasticity of all composites exhibited a higher value compared to the neat polymer, with the extent of improvement being dependent on the proportion of kenaf core incorporated.  The PBAT composite with 30wt% kenaf core had a favorable modulus of elasticity, measuring 585 MPa.  Morphological interpretation through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals improved interaction and interfacial adhesion between PBAT and kenaf core.  The distribution of the kenaf core inside the PBAT blend was uniform and consistent.  The results reported in the present work support the idea that the above-mentioned natural fibers can be used as filler material to obtain environmentally friendly polymer composites with improved properties.