Memposisikan Jenayah Makanan Dalam Wacana Fiqh al-‘Uqūbah: Kajian Awal

Abstract

Food crime is a serious issue often occurs within the food industry. It also impacted halal food supply chain, where halal integrity can no longer be maintained due to unethical act of food crime. Various studies has discussed on food crime, however, there are very few discussing from the perspective of fiqh al-‘uqūbah (Jurisprudence of punishment) in Islam. Therefore, this study was conducted to discuss food crime within the framework of fiqh al-‘uqūbah to enlighten their relationship. To achieve the research objectives, this study involves collecting data through literature review and analysis by utlizing qualitative approach. Based on the study findings, there are relationship between food crime in fiqh al-‘uqūbah through the concept of takzir (discretionary punishments). Therefore, based on the principles of Islamic fiqh al-‘uqūbah, food crime analysed through the pillar of crime (arkān al-jarīmah) and fits with the definition of crime from Islamic perspective.

Jenayah makanan merupakan isu serius yang sering berlaku di dalam industri makanan. Ia juga terjadi di dalam rantaian bekalan makanan halal, di mana integriti halal tidak lagi dapat dipelihara. Terdapat kajian-kajian terdahulu yang telah membahaskan berkenaan dengan jenayah makanan, namun kebanyakannya tidak begitu membincangkan berkenaan dengan perspektif fiqh al-‘uqūbah (fiqh hukuman) di dalam Islam. Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi membahaskan jenayah makanan dalam kerangka fiqh al-‘uqūbah. Bagi menjawab objektif kajian, kajian ini melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui kajian literatur dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, terdapat dalil dari nas yang berkaitan dengan jenayah makanan di dalam Islam. Justeru, ia dapat dihubungkan melalui hukuman takzir berdasarkan fiqh al-‘uqūbah. Berdasarkan prinsip dalam jenayah Islam, jenayah makanan menepati rukun-rukun jenayah dalam Islam.