Digital Transformation of Newsrooms in Malaysia: A Comparative Study Between Traditional and Digital-Native Media

Abstract

The digital transformation of newsrooms, catalyzed by mobile journalism (MoJo), has redefined journalistic practices globally. This study investigates how traditional and digital-native media organizations in Malaysia are adapting to MoJo technologies and workflows. Guided by the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) Theory, the research examines key attributes: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, and communication channels. A comparative qualitative case study approach was employed, drawing on in-depth interviews with six media professionals and document analysis across six selected organizations. Digital-native newsrooms demonstrate agile, mobile-first cultures, integrated digital workflows, and a high level of editorial autonomy. In contrast, traditional media organizations face systemic challenges, including hierarchical decision-making, limited technological infrastructure, and resistance from veteran journalists. The study underscores the critical role of organizational culture, generational digital fluency, and innovation leadership in facilitating or impeding newsroom transformation. Communication structures further influence MoJo adoption: decentralized, peer-driven models in digital-native environments contrast with the top-down communication patterns typical of traditional newsrooms. This research contributes to the theoretical expansion of DOI within Southeast Asian media contexts and offers actionable insights for journalism educators, media managers, and policymakers. It advocates for institutional investment in MoJo training, infrastructure, and editorial reform to support sustainable transformation. Ultimately, the study concludes that mobile journalism must shift from the periphery to the core of editorial strategies to maintain relevance in an increasingly mobile and digital news ecosystem.