Determinants of household financial vulnerability in Malaysia and its effect on low-income groups
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v6i1.05Keywords:
Financial vulnerability, Household income, Low-income households, Household debtAbstract
Household financial vulnerability is an important area of research in household economic studies. Hence, a number of studies have attempted to identify the factors that make households vulnerable to financial shocks. In Malaysia, the research is scant on this topic especially when it comes to low-income households. Therefore, the study aims to identify the macroeconomic factors that make the household vulnerable to financial shocks. For this purpose, the study uses the autoregressive distributed lag modelling approach as an estimation technique. The results revealed that household debt, prices of goods, interest rate and unemployment have a positive long-run relationship with household financial vulnerability while income has a negative relationship. Further analysis confirms that these predictors of financial vulnerability also affect the low-income groups. This study would be of interest to the academicians and policy makers in the area of household economics.
References
Abdul Ghani, N. (2010) ‘Household Indebtedness and its Implication for Financial Stability in Malaysian’, in Nokarnthab, D. (ed.) Household Indebtedness and its Impact for Financial Stability. Kuala Lumpur: The South East Asian Central Banks (SEACEN) Research and Training Centre, pp. 67–88.
Abdullah, M. A. and Chong, R. (2014) ‘Financial Literacy: An Exploratory Review of the Literature and Future Research’, Journal of Emerging Economies & Islamic Research, 2(3), pp. 1–9.
Abid, L., Ouertani, M. N. and Zouari-Ghorbe, S. (2013) ‘Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Determinants of Household’s Non-Performing Loans in Tunisia: a Dynamic Panel Data’, in 1st TSFS Finance Conference, TSFS 2013,. Sousse: Elsevier B.V, pp. 58–68.
Anderloni, L., Bacchiocchi, E. and Vandone, D. (2012) ‘Household Financial Vulnerability: An empirical analysis’, Research in Economics, 66(3), pp. 284–296. doi: 10.1016/j.rie.2012.03.001.
BNM (2016) Financial Stability and Payment System Report 2016. Kuala Lumpur: Bank Negara Malaysia.
Department of Statistics (2014) Household Expenditure Survey 2014. Kuala Lumpur: Department of Statistics.
Dey, S., Djoudad, R. and Terajima, Y. (2008) ‘A Tool for Assessing Financial Vulnerabilities in the Household Sector’, Bank of Canada Review, (Summer 2008), pp. 45–54.
Dickey, D. A. and Fuller, W. A. (1981) ‘Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root’, Econometrica, 49(4), pp. 1057–1072.
Fuenzalida, M. and Ruiz-Tagle, J. (2010) ‘Household Financial Vulnerability’, in Alfaro, R. A. (ed.) Financial Stability, Monetary Policy, and Central Banking. Central Bank of Chile, pp. 299–326.
Gokal, V. and Hanif, S. (2004) The Relationship Between Inflation and Economic Growth, Workiing Papers Seriers Reserve Bank of Fiji. 2004/04. Suva. doi: 10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00522-5.
Hofmann, B. (2004) ‘The determinants of bank credit in industrialized countries: do property prices matter?’, International finance, 7(2), pp. 203–234.
Joseph, M. T. et al. (2012) ‘Non Performing loans in Commercial Banks: A case of CBZ Bank Limited In Zimbabwe’, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business, 4(7), pp. 467–488.
Khan, H. H. A., Abdullah, H. and Samsudin, S. (2016) ‘Modelling the Determinants of Malaysian Household Debt’, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(4), pp. 1468–1473.
Khazanah Research Institute (2016) The State of Households II. Kuala Lumpur: Khazanah Research Institute.
Louzis, D. ., Vouldis, A. . and Metaxas, V. . (2012) ‘Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Determinants of Non-performing Loans in Greece: A Comparative Study of Mortgage, Business and Consumer Loan Portfolios’, Journal of Banking & Finance, 36(4), pp. 1012–1027.
Mamo, F. T. (2012) Economic Growth and Inflation: A panel data analysis. Sodertorns Hogskola.
McDonald, D. and Chris, M. (2016) Household Indebtness and Financial Vulnerability. Ottawa: Office of the Parlimentary Budget Officer.
Meng, X., Hoang, N. T. and Siriwardana, M. (2013) ‘The determinants of Australian household debt: A macro level study’, Journal of Asian Economics, 29, pp. 80–90.
Modigliani, F. and Brumberg, R. (1954) ‘Utility Analysis and the Consumption Function: an interpretation of cross-section data’, in Kurihana, K. (Ed.) PostKeynesian economics. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Mokhtar, M. and Ismail, A. (2013) ‘Shariah Issues in Managing Household Debt: The case of Malaysia’, Jurnal Pengurusan, 37, pp. 63–76.
Nair, M. and Vaithilingam, S. (2013) ‘Leap-frogging the Urban-Poor to a High Income Economy: A Case Study From a Developing Country’, Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research, 1(2), pp. 1–24.
Narayan, P. K. (2005) ‘The saving and investment nexus for China: evidence from cointegration tests’, Applied Economics, 37, pp. 1979–1990.
Pesaran, M. H. and Shin, Y. (1999) ‘An Autoregressive Distributed-Lag Modelling Approach to Cointegration Analysis’, in Strøm, S. (ed.) Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Econometric Society Monographs), pp. 371–413. doi: DOI: 10.1017/CCOL521633230.011.
Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001) ‘Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships’, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), pp. 289–326.
Rinaldi, L. and Sanchis-arellano, A. (2006) Household Debt Sustainability: What Explains Household Non-Performing Loans? No. 570. Frankfurt am Main.
Salas, V. and Saurina, J. (2002) ‘Credit Risk in Two Institutional Regimes: Spanish Commercial and Savings Banks’, Journal of Financial Services Research, 22(3), pp. 203–224.
Salih, K. (2014) Malaysian Human Development Report 2013: Redesigning an Inclusive Future. Kuala Lumpur: United Nations Development Programme, Malaysia.
Vandone, D. (2009) Consumer credit in Europe: Risks and Opportunities of a Dynamic Industry. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Abidullah Abid, Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Shafiai
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.