GAMIFYING WAQF MANAGEMENT: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR DIGITAL PLATFORMS TO BOOST ENGAGEMENT AND TRANSPARENCY

Abstract

The digitization of the Islamic philanthropy requires new approaches to address the long-standing issues in the management of Waqf, specifically, low levels of stakeholder involvement and a lack of transparency. This paper suggests a theoretical model of an approach that combines gamification and a high-tech blockchain and artificial intelligence to optimise digital Waqf services. The framework has been developed to address 50 related studies through systematic review, which consists of the four interconnected components: Firstly, there is an Engagement Layer, which uses game mechanics, including badges, progress tracking, and challenges, Second, a Transparency Layer uses blockchain to maintain immutable records and AI to generate analytics and detect fraud, Third, there is a Cultural Adaptation Module, which will ensure Sharia compliance and demographic tailoring, and, finally, a Governance Compliance Module that will settle the requirements of regulations and institutions. They are run by these components in an enabling ecosystem of stakeholders, such as fintech partners and regulators. The framework builds upon the existing models of technology adoption by adding the Islamic moral and cultural aspects and provides both theoretical and practical input. It gives a systemic direction to Waqf institutions to implement gamified cultural sensitive digital solutions to increase the participation of the donors, the level of trust and the output efficiency of the operations. This study highlights the possibility of gamification as a revolutionary application to Islamic social finance, which will reconcile the traditional Islamic values of philanthropy with modern digital technology.