COMPARISON OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE BETWEEN NETBALL AND VOLLEYBALL IN FEMALE ATHLETES OF UNIKL RCMP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/mjssr.v21i2.5715Keywords:
Static Balance, Dynamic Balance, Flamingo Balance Test, Y-Balance Test, NetballAbstract
Background: Balance is crucial for how a person moves, involving the interaction of the body systems to keep us stable. It is not just the ability to stand upright then extends to holding stationary positions as well as dynamic activities like walking, running, and other forms of locomotion, balance is about capably controlling the body's center of mass about its base of support. The body continually alters muscles and joints in an upright position to maintain its balance and avoid falling due to gravity. To maintain our upright posture and prevent accidents the nervous system controls small changes in our muscles and joints. Balance becomes essential when moving around a lot, such as when playing sports or on uneven surfaces to keep the body stable and prevent any injuries. Objective: Thus, this study aims to compare the balance abilities of female athletes in two sports, netball and volleyball, at UniKL RCMP. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional type of study design involving 62 participants that was done in Physiotherapy Gymnasium and Electro Laboratory of UniKL RCMP in August 2024 using purposive sampling techniques. Flamingo Balance Test (FBT) was used to evaluate static balance and Y-Balance Test (YBT) was used to evaluate dynamic balance. Mann-Whitney was used to determine the significant difference of static balance while Independent-t test was used to determine the significant difference of dynamic balance between female netball and volleyball team. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: The results revealed that there is no significant difference of static and dynamic balance between female netball and volleyball team of UniKL RCMP (p>0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that despite the unique demands of each sport, the balance abilities of netball and volleyball players are comparable, likely due to shared movement requirements such as agility, rapid directional changes, and frequent jumping that are essential in both sports. The similarity in balance performance may also be attributed to the homogeneity of participant characteristics, including age, training backgrounds, and physical attributes. This uniformity in athletic conditioning could contribute to baseline similarities in balance, diminishing measurable differences
Keywords: Static Balance, Dynamic Balance, Flamingo Balance Test, Y-Balance Test, Netball, Volleyball
References
Acar, H., & Eler, N. (2019). The Effect of Balance Exercises on Speed and Agility in Physical Education Lessons. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(1), 74–79. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.070110
Alpaslan Kartal (2014) Comparison of Static Balance in Different Athletes, The Anthropologist, 18:3, 811-815,DOI:10.1080/09720073.2014.11891613
Agostini, V., Chiaramello, E., Canavese, L., Bredariol, C., & Knaflitz, M. (2013). Postural sway in volleyball players. Human Movement Science, 32(3), 445–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2013.01.002
Aloraini, S. M. (2019). Balance control: using motor behavior concepts as tools for assessing and modifying postural adjustments.
Alpini, D. C., Cesarani, A., De Bellis, M., Kohen-Raz, R., & Riva, D. (2014). Visual Feedback Postural Control Re-education. In Whiplash Injuries: Diagnosis and Treatment (pp. 333-341). Milano: Springer Milan.
Biniak, S. (2021). The Effect of Weighted Jump Rope Training as an Intervention on the Shoulder Strength of Division III College Volleyball Players. https://doi//10.13016/m2hftz-cnqi
Bouteraa, I., Negra, Y., Shephard, R. J., & Chelly, M. S. (2018). Effects of combined balance and plyometric training on athletic performance in female basketball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(7), 1. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002546
Brachman, A., Kamieniarz, A., Michalska, J., Pawłowski, M., Słomka, K. J., & Juras, G. (2017). Balance training programs in athletes–A systematic review. Journal of human kinetics, 58(1), 45-64.
Bruijn, S. M., & Van Dieën, J. H. (2018). Control of human gait stability through foot placement. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 15(143), 20170816.
Bressel, E., Yonker, J. C., Kras, J., & Heath, E. M. (2007). Comparison of static and dynamic balance in female collegiate soccer, basketball, and gymnastics athletes. Journal of athletic training, 42(1), 42.
Cao, S., Liu, J., Wang, Z., & Geok, S. K. (2024). The effects of functional training on physical fitness and skill-related performance among basketball players: a systematic review. Frontiers in Physiology, 15, 1391394.
Cengizel, E., & Cengizel, C. O. (2019). Examination of Balance and Isokinetic Strength in Female Volleyball Players. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(6), 31. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n6p31
Chander, H., MacDonald, C. J., Dabbs, N. C., Allen, C. R., Lamont, H. S., & Garner, J. C. (2014). Balance performance in female collegiate athletes. Journal of Sports Science, 2, 13-20.
Cha, J. H., Kim, J. J., Ye, J. G., Lee, S. J., Hong, J. M., Choi, H. K., ... & Shin, W. S. (2017). Static balance according to hip joint angle of unsupported leg during one-leg standing. Journal of physical therapy science, 29(5), 931-935.
Çelenk, Ç., Arslan, H., Aktuğ, Z. B., & Şimşek, E. (2018). The comparison between static and dynamic balance performances of team and individual athletes. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science.
Downs, C., Snodgrass, S. J., Weerasekara, I., Valkenborghs, S. R., & Callister, R. (2021). Injuries in Netball-A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine - Open, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-020-00290-7
Dogra, S., Jamali, S. N., & Sharma, J. (2018). A comparative analysis of static and dynamic balance between cricket and soccer players. Int J Yogic Hum Movement Sports Sci, 3, 27-9.
Eom, G. M., Kwon, Y. R., Kim, D. Y., Ko, J., & Kim, J. W. (2022). The influence of height on test-retest reliability of postural balance measures in healthy young adults. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 22(09), 2240047.
Eylen, M. A., Daglioglu, O., & Gucenmez, E. (2017). The Effects of Different Strength Training on Static and Dynamic Balance Ability of Volleyball Players. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(13), 13. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i13.2881
França, C., Martins, F., Marques, A., de Maio Nascimento, M., Ihle, A., Przednowek, K., & Gouveia, É. R. (2022). Associations between Age, Body Composition, Balance, and Other Physical Fitness Parameters in Youth Soccer. Sustainability, 14(20), 13379.
Fuchs, P. X., Fusco, A., Cortis, C., & Wagner, H. (2020). Effects of Differential Jump Training on Balance Performance in Female Volleyball Players. Applied Sciences, 10(17), 5921. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10175921
Guo, Z., Huang, Y., Zhou, Z., Leng, B., Gong, W., Cui, Y., & Bao, D. (2021). The Effect of 6- Week Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Change of Direction Performance of Elite Badminton Players. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684964
Gonçalves, C. A., Lopes, T. J., Nunes, C., Marinho, D. A., & Neiva, H. P. (2021). Neuromuscular jumping performance and upper-body horizontal power of volleyball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(8), 2236-2241.
Gebel, A., Prieske, O., Behm, D. G., & Granacher, U. (2020). Effects of balance training on physical fitness in youth and young athletes: a narrative review. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 42(6), 35-44.
Gencay, O. A., Gencay, S., & Gencay, E. (2019). A comparison of static and dynamic balance performance in adolescent male wrestlers and judoists. Science & Sports. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2019.07.004
Gadre, H. V., Lele, D. C., Deo, M., & Mathur, C. (2019). Effect of Dynamic Balance Training on Agility in Adolescent Volleyball Players. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research. https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2019/42282.13310
Hammami, R., Behm, D. G., Chtara, M., Othman, A. B., & Chaouachi, A. (2014). Comparison of static balance and the role of vision in elite athletes. Journal of human kinetics, 41(1), 33-41.
Injury Incidence in Female Serbian Elite Volleyball Players. (2019). Sport Mont, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.191005
Jadczak, Ł., Grygorowicz, M., Dzudziński, W., & Śliwowski, R. (2019). Comparison of Static and Dynamic Balance at Different Levels of Sport Competition in Professional and Junior Elite Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3384–3391 https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002476
Joseph, C., Naughton, G., & Antcliff, A. (2019). Australian netball injuries in 2016: An overview of insurance data. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(12), 1304– 1308.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2019.07.016
Jenek, B., & Skorupińska, A. (2018). Review of body balance research methods. Rehabilitacja Medyczna, 22(3), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7687
Johnston, W., O'Reilly, M., Dolan, K., Reid, N., Coughlan, G., & Caulfield, B. (2016, November). Objective Classification of Dynamic Balance Using a Single Wearable Sensor. In icSPORTS (pp. 15-24).
Kovac, D., Krkeljas, Z., & Venter, R. (2022). Effect of six-week traditional resistance and functional training on functional performance in female netball players. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 14(1), 10.
Kamarudin, N., Ghafar, R., Ooi, F. K., Chen, C. K., Yusoff, I. W., & Ahmad, N. A. F. N. (2021). Comparison of gait features, balance ability, and reaction time between young female sedentary individuals and state-level netball players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, 2304-2311. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.s4308
Kot, A., Agata Nawrocka, & Andrzej Sioma. (2018). Testing of a human sway at balance platform https://doi.org/10.1109/carpathiancc.2018.8399613
Khuman, Pr., Kamlesh, T., & Surbala, L. (2014). Comparison of static and dynamic balance among collegiate cricket, soccer and volleyball male players. International Journal of Health &Allied Sciences, 3(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-344x.130599
Molinaro, L. (2022). Development of methodologies for measuring motor and cognitive performance in a clinical and sports environment.
Moorthy, K., Elumalai, G., Azmi, S. H., Abadi, F. H., & Choeibuakaew, W. (2020). The Effectiveness Of Balance Training Program Towards The Foot Movement Error Among Netball Players. International Journal of Physiotherapy, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.15621/ijphy/2020/v7i6/845
Mukhtar, M. (2020). Proprioception Training Effectiveness for Improving Balance analysed by ComputerizedDynamic Posturography. Dspace.cuni.cz. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/117773
Marinkovic, D., Pavlovic, S., Madic, D., Obradovic, B., Németh, Z., & Belic, A. (2021). Original Article Postural stability -a comparison between rowers and field sport athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport ® (JPES), 21(3), 1525–1532. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.03194.
Paul, J., & Kumar, S. (2018). Comparative Effect of Squat Jump and Split Jump Exercise on Dynamic Balance among Female Netball Players. International Journal of Physiotherapy, 5(2).https://doi.org/10.15621/ijphy/2018/v5i2/170742
Paillard, T. (2019). Relationship Between Sport Expertise and Postural Skills. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01428
Puga, N., & Dias, D. (2020). Volleyball/Beach Volleyball. Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports, 451–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60752-7_69
Paillard, T. (2017). Plasticity of the postural function to sport and/or motor experience. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 72, 129-152.
Rami, P. V., & Prabhakar, M. M. (2018). Comparison of Static Balance in Male Football and Basketball Players by Using Flamingo Balance Test. International JournalofPhysiotherapy, 5(5).https://doi.org/10.15621/ijphy/2018/v5i5/177432
Register-Mihalik, J. K., & Guskiewicz, K. M. (2024). Regaining Postural Stability and Balance. In Rehabilitation Techniques for Sports Medicine and Athletic Training (pp. 173-208). Routledge.
Riemann, B. L., Mercado, M., Erickson, K., & Grosicki, G. J. (2020). Comparison of balance performance between masters Olympic weightlifters and runners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 30(9), 1586-1593.
Roshan, P. S. B., & PP, A. R. (2020). Relationship between Dynamic Balance and Fine Motor Performance with Core Endurance in School Children.
Sabin, S. I., & Alexandru, S. D. (2015). Testing agility and balance in volleyball game. UNEFS Bucharest, XI (41), 167.
Sopa, I. S., & Pomohaci, M. (2021). Using Coaching Techniques In Assessing And Developing The Static And Dynamic Balance
Level Of Young Volleyball Players. Series IX Sciences of Human Kinetics, 14(63)(1), 89–100 https://doi.org/10.31926/but.shk.2021.14.63.1.12
Trajković, N., & Bogataj, Š. (2020). Effects of neuromuscular training on motor competence and physical performance in young female volleyball players. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(5), 1755.
Tabrizi, H. B., Abbasi, A., & Sarvestani, H. J. (2013). Comparing the static and dynamic balances and their relationship with the anthropometrical characteristics in the athletes of selected sports. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 15(2), 216-221.
Tatlici, A. (2021). Comparison of balance performances of athletes from different sports branches. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 23(3), 302-3
Yamagata, S., Yamaguchi, T., Shinya, M., Milosevic, M., & Masani, K. (2024). Comparison of sensitivity among dynamic balance measures during walking with different tasks. Royal Society Open Science, 11(1), 230883.
Zemková, E., & Zapletalová, L. (2022). The role of neuromuscular control of postural and core stability in functional movement and athlete performance. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 796097.
