RASUAH DAN INTEGRITI DALAM PENTADBIRAN AWAM DI MALAYSIA: SOROTAN LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/VoA.v18i2.11645Abstract
Corruption and problems in integrity involving public service in Malaysia are important aspects to be considered, as level of corruption is allegedly regarded as severe in many studies and reports. Corrupt practices in government administration may lead to failures in the delivery system and affects the running functions of an organisation. This paper examines literature on integrity and corruption involving civil servants. It aims to identify the level of risk of corruption involving public administration, factors of corrupt practices, and recommendations to address the issue. This study employs library research by collecting and analysing the related literature. The review of literature finds that the general perception towards corruption is critical. Law enforcement and procurement sectors are found to be detrimental. Low moral and ethical values within the organisation, ineffective law enforcement and inefficient management may lead to opportunity, and risk of corruption. Therefore, education and values of good ethics, are important to ensure a high level of integrity among civil servants in order to reduce the risk of corruption in public administration. This paper also plays a part in identifying the gaps in the literature on integrity and corruption involving public officials and pointing out further aspects for further research.
Isu rasuah dan kelemahan integriti membabitkan perkhidmatan awam di Malaysia merupakan aspek penting yang perlu diambil perhatian, memandangkan tahap rasuah yang dianggap serius dalam banyak kajian dan laporan. Amalan rasuah di dalam pentadbiran kerajaan
mampu menyebabkan kegagalan dalam sistem penyampaian dan melumpuhkan fungsi perjalanan sesuatu organisasi. Makalah ini meneliti kajian-kajian terdahulu berkaitan integriti dan rasuah melibatkan penjawat awam, khususnya aspek yang dicakupi oleh kajian-kajian tersebut. Ini adalah bagi mengenal pasti tahap risiko rasuah membabitkan pentadbiran awam, faktor-faktor kepada perlakuan rasuah serta cadangan bagi menangani isu ini. Kajian bagi makalah ini menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan iaitu mengumpul dan meneliti kajian-kajian lepas yang berkaitan. Hasil dari sorotan literatur ini menunjukkan kajian-kajian berkenaan mendapati persepsi umum terhadap masalah tersebut adalah serius, manakala sektor yang mempunyai kecenderungan tinggi melakukan rasuah adalah sektor penguatkuasaan undang-undang dan perolehan. Kewujudan peluang dan kesempatan kepada penjawat awam, khususnya iklim etika yang rendah dalam organisasi seperti kelemahan dalam pengurusan, serta kelemahan penguatkuasaan undang-undang membuka risiko rasuah. Oleh yang demikian, pendidikan dan penghayatan nilai etika kerja yang baik, penguatkuasaan undang-undang antara lain adalah penting bagi memastikan tahap integriti yang tinggi dalam kalangan kakitangan awam bagi mengurangkan risiko rasuah dalam pentadbiran awam. Makalah ini juga penting bagi mengkaji jurang yang terdapat di dalam kajian-kajian terdahulu berkenaan integriti dan rasuah melibatkan pegawai awam dan mengenal pasti aspek-aspek seterusnya bagi tujuan kajian lanjut.
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