Retraction, Correction and Withdrawal

e-Academia Journal implements this policy to facilitate the transparent, consistent, and ethical management of retractions, corrections, expressions of concern, and manuscript withdrawals. This policy is developed in accordance with the principles and guidelines set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Retraction Policy

 1.1 Grounds for Retraction

An article may be retracted where there is evidence of:

Plagiarism or substantial duplication
Data fabrication or falsification
Ethical breaches that compromise the integrity or validity of the research
Major errors that significantly affect the reliability of the findings or conclusions

1.2 Review and Investigation Process

Concerns relating to published articles may be brought to the journal’s attention by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, or affiliated institutions.

The editorial team will evaluate all concerns in line with the journal's established procedures and the guidance provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors will be given the opportunity to address the concerns raised, and independent reviewers or subject experts may be consulted as deemed appropriate by the editorial team.

Investigations are handled as confidentially as reasonably possible and assessed objectively.

1.3 Retraction Decision

Retraction decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief based on the available evidence.

In cases of conflict of interest, responsibility for the editorial decision may be assigned to an independent editor or an Editorial Board member. 

Where appropriate, relevant institutions or organisations may be informed.

1.4 Retraction Notice and Record Integrity

A formal retraction notice will be published and linked to the original article.

Retraction notices will normally include:

Article title and author(s)
Reason(s) for retraction
Date of retraction
Link to the original article
The original article will remain available online to preserve the scholarly record and will be clearly marked as “Retracted.”

Retraction notices will remain permanently accessible and publicly available. Where necessary, the retraction status, article metadata, and relevant indexing records may be updated to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record.

1.5 Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued by the journal when substantial questions arise regarding the integrity, reliability, or ethical compliance of a published work, particularly where an investigation remains ongoing or sufficient evidence has not yet been obtained to reach a conclusion.

Expressions of Concern will be directly associated with the original article and retained as part of the scholarly record unless a correction or retraction is later issued.

 

2. Correction Policy

2.1 Grounds for Correction

 Corrections may be issued when:

Errors do not invalidate the overall findings of the article
Author names, affiliations, acknowledgements, or metadata require amendment
Clarifications are necessary to improve accuracy or completeness

2.2 Types of Corrections

Erratum: errors introduced during the publication process
Corrigendum: errors identified by the authors after publication
Minor metadata corrections may be made without issuing a formal correction notice where appropriate.

2.3 Correction Process

Requests for correction may be submitted by authors, readers, editors, or institutions.

The editorial team will evaluate the nature and significance of the issue and may request clarification, additional information, or supporting documentation from the authors where necessary.

2.4 Publication and Linking of Corrections

Correction notices will be published and linked to the original article.

The original article may be updated with a clear indication that a correction has been issued.

Corrections will remain part of the permanent scholarly record, and associated metadata or indexing records may be updated accordingly.

 

3. Withdrawal Policy

3.1 Conditions for Withdrawal

A manuscript may be withdrawn during the editorial process if:

It has not entered final production or publication stages
A valid reason for withdrawal is provided
All listed authors agree to the withdrawal

3.2 Withdrawal Requests

Withdrawal requests must:

Be submitted by the corresponding author
Include written confirmation from all co-authors
Be formally communicated to the editorial office

3.3 Editorial Considerations

The editorial office may decline or restrict withdrawal requests where:

Peer review has been completed or is near completion
Significant editorial or reviewer resources have already been committed
Concerns regarding publication ethics are under investigation
The journal may also withdraw manuscripts before publication where ethical concerns, significant errors, or policy breaches are identified.

3.4 Unethical Withdrawal

Withdrawal will not normally be permitted where:

The manuscript is in final production or publication stages
The purpose is submission to another journal after review or acceptance
There is disagreement among the authors regarding withdrawal
Such cases may be treated as breaches of the journal’s submission or publication policies.

3.5 Outcome of Withdrawal Requests

Upon approval of a withdrawal request, the manuscript will be withdrawn from further editorial consideration, and the authors will be formally informed of the decision.
The journal may retain records of withdrawn manuscripts for administrative and editorial purposes.

 

Policy Integration

This policy should be read in conjunction with the journal’s Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement, Peer Review Policy, Conflict of Interest Policy and Plagiarism Policy.

 

Policy Version: 2.0
Last Updated: 2026