Halal Knowledge Integrity (HKI): A Proposed Governance Framework for AI-Mediated Islamic Knowledge
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/jhsmr.v2i2.12815Keywords:
AI Governance, Governance Theory, Halal Knowledge Integrity, Information Integrity, Islamic EpistemologyAbstract
The proliferation of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technologies has precipitated an unprecedented crisis of knowledge integrity across all domains of human civilisation, with particular severity in contexts where knowledge carries spiritual, legal, and communal authority. Within the global Islamic ecosystem, encompassing an estimated 1.9 billion Muslims across more than 180 countries, AI-generated religious content increasingly circulates without verification, attribution, or epistemic accountability. This constitutes a critical governance gap. Despite the emergence of international AI governance frameworks, including the OECD AI Principles, the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, the UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI, and the EU AI Act, none of these instruments adequately addresses the specific epistemological, ethical, and institutional requirements of AI-mediated Islamic knowledge. Existing Islamic literature on AI ethics similarly lacks a systematic, operationalisable governance architecture. This conceptual study addresses that gap by introducing Halal Knowledge Integrity (HKI) as an emerging governance paradigm for AI-mediated Islamic knowledge. Drawing on a systematic review of AI governance literature, Islamic epistemology, knowledge integrity scholarship, and halal assurance systems, this study employs a conceptual framework development methodology to advance HKI as a multi-layered governance construct. The paper formally defines HKI, identifies ten foundational governance principles grounded in both Islamic epistemology and international AI governance standards, and presents a full HKI Governance Ecosystem encompassing source integrity, process integrity, output integrity, and institutional oversight. The study further presents Malaysia as an empirical governance laboratory, positioning the country as a potential leader in operationalising HKI within its national AI and halal industry infrastructure. International benchmarking across Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member states demonstrates the cross-jurisdictional applicability of the framework. Five research propositions are advanced to support future empirical investigation. The paper makes theoretical, governance, policy, and societal contributions by establishing HKI as a distinctive governance paradigm that transcends existing AI ethics discourse and repositions Islamic epistemological principles as legitimate and transferable resources for global knowledge governance.
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