Site Suitability Assessment for Domestic Waste Disposal Area in Kota Bharu, Kelantan Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographical Information System

Authors

  • Wan Nur Nisa Wan Muhammad Sabri Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Nurhanisah Hashim Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Ainon Nisa Othman Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Nur Shakila Tahir Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50578, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v23i1.978

Keywords:

Domestic waste disposal, Domestic Waste Disposal, Site Suitability, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Analytical Hierarchy Process, Geographical Information System, Waste Management

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential site location for waste disposal in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS). Seven (7) criteria were considered and ranked based on the literature review and experts' opinions to identify potential waste disposal sites. The data used in this study consist of vector and raster data, including land-use categories, information on residential areas, road networks, slope, and soil types. Additionally, GIS analysis, including Weighted Overlay analysis, was explored and utilised in this study. The output of this study is a suitability map for domestic waste disposal sites using GIS techniques. At the end of the evaluation, the suitability map was divided into four (4) categories: restricted, unsuitable, less suitable, and highly suitable. The area and proportion of each category relative to the total study area were depicted, and the two (2) most suitable potential site areas were identified.

Author Biographies

Wan Nur Nisa Wan Muhammad Sabri, Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Wan Nur Nisa Wan Muhammad Sabri, is graduated student’s of Bachelor Degree in Surveying Science and Geomatics from Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. She completed her studies in 2023. She can be reached through her email at wannurnisa99@gmail.com.

Nurhanisah Hashim, Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Nurhanisah Hashim, is Lecturer in the Center of Studies for Surveying Science and Geoamtics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Her main research interest is in the area of Remote Sensing and GIS applications for built environment. She has published on these areas in several Indexed Proceedings and Journals including International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Design Research and Practice, and International Journal of Geomatics. She can be reached through her email at nurhanisahhashim@uitm.edu.my.

Ainon Nisa Othman, Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Ainon Nisa Othman, PHD is Senior Lecturer in the Center of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Her main research interest is in the area of GIS, Remote sensing, Analysis and modelling, and MCDA. She has published widely on these areas in several Indexed Journals including including International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Design Research and Practice, and International Journal of Geomatics, and Built Environment Journal. She can be reached through her email at ainonnisa6941@uitm.edu.my.

Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam, Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam, PHD is Associate Professor in the Center of Studies for Surveying Science and Geoamtics, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, and currently hold a position of Deputy Director at Malaysia Institute of Transport. His main research interest is in the area of GIS Cartography, Spatial modelling and visualization, Geosaptial and Geomatics Innovation, Social and health mapping system and Spatial Epidemiology. He has published widely on these areas in several Indexed Journals and chapters in book. He can be reached through his email at rauf@uitm.edu.my.

Nur Shakila Tahir, Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50578, Malaysia

Nur Shakila Tahir, is Assistant Director of Surveying at Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50578, Malaysia. She has a Bachelor Degree in Geomatic Engineering from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). She has involved in several projects related to geospatial system development. She can be reached through her email at nurshakila@jupem.gov.my.

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Published

01-01-2026

How to Cite

Wan Muhammad Sabri, W. N. N. ., Hashim, N., Othman, A. N. ., Abdul Rasam, A. R. ., & Tahir, N. S. . (2026). Site Suitability Assessment for Domestic Waste Disposal Area in Kota Bharu, Kelantan Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographical Information System. Built Environment Journal, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v23i1.978

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): Built Environment Journal

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Wan Nur Nisa Wan Muhammad Sabri, Nurhanisah Hashim, Ainon Nisa Othman, Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam, Nur Shakila Tahir

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