Looping System Theory in Land Use and Mental Health During a Pandemic Outbreak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v22iSI.5651Keywords:
Looping system, Land use, Land use planning, Mental health, PandemicAbstract
Land use has a profound effect on mental health even without a pandemic. However, it worsened during the pandemic because of non-readiness in land use planning for mental health and, the mitigation and prevention process during the pandemic by changes in travel behaviour, the need for green spaces, and other effects, especially in an area with high population and density especially in the urban area. The pandemic affects mental health and the physical aspects of the cities, including land use planning. The objective of this research is to identify the theoretical framework for looping system to be used in land use planning and mental health. This paper using scoping studies by synthesis the literature and exploratory of research questions to develop a theoretical framework. This study aims to adapt the looping system to understand the relationship between land use and mental health. The result of the study is a theoretical framework consisting of the components and factors in land use and governance in mitigating the pandemic outbreak and resulting in the land use and mental health impacts that affect the population. This study underlines the importance of land use and mental health during the pandemic, and a preparedness plan for future pandemics can be constructed based on the data from previous pandemics and analysed using the looping system as the process required multiple assessment.
References
Abdul, S., Adeghe, E. P., Adegoke, B. O., Adegoke, A. A. & Udedeh, E. H. (2024). Mental health management in healthcare organizations: Challenges and strategies - a review. International Medical Science Research Journal, 4(5), 585–605. https://doi.org/10.51594/imsrj.v4i5.1157
Akintuyi, O. B. (2024). Vertical farming in urban environments: A review of architectural integration and food security. Open Access Research Journal of Biology and Pharmacy, 10(2), 114–126. https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjbp.2024.10.2.0017
Almeida, E., Lagoa, D., & Vasudhevan, T. (2024). Macroeconomic impacts of land use change and forest loss.
Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007079
Arundel, R., Li, A., Baker, E., & Bentley, R. (2024). Housing unaffordability and mental health: dynamics across age and tenure. International Journal of Housing Policy, 24(1), 44–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2022.2106541
Astuti, P. K., Ayoob, A., Strausz, P., Vakayil, B., Kumar, S. H., & Kusza, S. (2024). Climate change and dairy farming sustainability; a causal loop paradox and its mitigation scenario. In Heliyon (Vol. 10, Issue 3). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25200
Awosanmi, G. O., Afolayan, A. F., Perry, M., Ajibade, G. O., & Ajayi, S. A. (2024). Policy impacts in dynamic relation to food, income, learning and security: COVID-19 lockdowns in a Nigerian Agrarian Community. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-04938-2
Binder, C. R., Hinkel, J., Bots, P. W. G., & Pahl-Wostl, C. (2013). Comparison of frameworks for analyzing social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-05551-180426
Da Schio, N., Phillips, A., Fransen, K., Wolff, M., Haase, D., Ostoić, S. K., Živojinović, I., Vuletić, D., Derks, J., Davies, C., Lafortezza, R., Roitsch, D., Winkel, G., & De Vreese, R. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: Exploring the instigators of change in Belgium. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127305
De Vos, J. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 and subsequent social distancing on travel behavior. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100121
Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry, 63(1). https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
Fountoulakis, K. N., Karakatsoulis, G., Abraham, S., Adorjan, K., Ahmed, H. U., Alarcón, R. D., Arai, K., Auwal, S. S., Berk, M., Bjedov, S., Bobes, J., Bobes-Bascaran, T., Bourgin-Duchesnay, J., Bredicean, C. A., Bukelskis, L., Burkadze, A., Abud, I. I. C., Castilla-Puentes, R., Cetkovich, M., … Smirnova, D. (2022). Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 54, 21–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.004
Gayo, E. M., Lima, M., Gurruchaga, A., Estay, S. A., Santoro, C. M., Latorre, C., & McRostie, V. (2024). Towards understanding human-environment feedback loops: the Atacama Desert case. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 379(1893). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2022.0253
Ghazali, N. M., Marzukhi, M. A., Ling, O., & Leh, H. (2021). URBAN LOW-COST HOUSING EFFECT MENTAL HEALTH. In PLANNING MALAYSIA Journal of the Malaysia Institute of Planners (Vol. 19). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v19i18.1049
Guzzo, D., Walrave, B., Videira, N., Oliveira, I. C., & Pigosso, D. C. A. (2024). Towards a systemic view on rebound effects: Modelling the feedback loops of rebound mechanisms. Ecological Economics, 217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.108050
Hassen, N. A. (2015). The Wellesley Institute is a research and policy institute that works to improve health equity in the GTA through action on the social determinants of health. December.
Hadjidemetriou, G. M., Sasidharan, M., Kouyialis, G., & Parlikad, A. K. (2020). The impact of government measures and human mobility trend on COVID-19 related deaths in the UK. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100167
Hossain, M. M., Tasnim, S., Sultana, A., Faizah, F., Mazumder, H., Zou, L., McKyer, E. L. J., Ahmed, H. U., & Ma, P. (2020). Epidemiology of mental health problems in COVID-19: A review. In F1000Research (Vol. 9). F1000 Research Ltd. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24457.1
Hudani, A., Long, J., Labonté, R., & Yaya, S. (2024). Where are the links? Using a causal loop diagram to assess interactions in healthcare coordination for youth experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Canada. Health Research Policy and Systems, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01104-y
Leung, H. L. (2013). Land Use Planning Made Plain (Second Edition). University of Toronto Press.
Li, W., Zhao, S., Ji, X., & Ma, J. (2020). Impact of Traffic Exposure and Land Use Patterns on the Risk of COVID-19 Spread at the Community Level. China Journal of Highway and Transport. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2020.11.005-en
Lyu, C. (2024). Exploring the Influence of Dynamic Indicators in Urban Spaces on Residents’ Environmental Behavior: A Case Study in Shanghai Utilizing Mixed-Methods Approach and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Modeling. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083280
Ma, L., Huang, Y., & Liu, T. (2022). Unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: Role of the neighborhood environment. Sustainable Cities and Society, 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104162
Mascie Taylor, N., & Moji, K. (2021). Pandemics. In Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament (Vol. 4, Issue S1, pp. 47–59). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1080/25751654.2021.1880769
Metternicht, G. (2017). Global Land Outlook Working Paper Land Use Planning Disclaimer.
Mouratidis, K. (2021). How COVID-19 reshaped quality of life in cities: A synthesis and implications for urban planning. Land Use Policy, 111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105772
Mouratidis, K. (2022). COVID-19 and the compact city: Implications for well-being and sustainable urban planning. Science of the Total Environment, 811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152332
Mouratidis, K., & Yiannakou, A. (2022). COVID-19 and urban planning: Built environment, health, and well-being in Greek cities before and during the pandemic. Cities, 121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103491
O’Connor, R. C., Wetherall, K., Cleare, S., McClelland, H., Melson, A. J., Niedzwiedz, C. L., O’Carroll, R. E., O’Connor, D. B., Platt, S., Scowcroft, E., Watson, B., Zortea, T., Ferguson, E., & Robb, K. A. (2021). Mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 218(6), 326–333. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2020.212
Oxford Reference. (2024, August 29). Land Use. https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100050378
Park, Y. S., McMorris, B. J., Pruinelli, L., Song, Y., Kaas, M. J., & Wyman, J. F. (2021). Use of geographic information systems to explore associations between neighborhood attributes and mental health outcomes in adults: A systematic review. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 18, Issue 16). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168597
Piret, J., & Boivin, G. (2021). Pandemics Throughout History. In Frontiers in Microbiology (Vol. 11). Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.631736
Poortinga, W., Bird, N., Hallingberg, B., Phillips, R., & Williams, D. (2021). The role of perceived public and private green space in subjective health and wellbeing during and after the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak. Landscape and Urban Planning, 211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104092
Rasmussen, A. (2010). Prevent or Heal, Laissez-faire or Coerce? The Public Health Politics of Influenza in France, 1918-1919. In T. Giles-Vernick & S. Craddock (Eds.), Influenza and Public Health: Learning Form Past Pandemics (pp. 69–83). Earthscan Ltd.
Robinson, J. M., Brindley, P., Cameron, R., Maccarthy, D., & Jorgensen, A. (2021). Nature’s role in supporting health during the covid-19 pandemic: A geospatial and socioecological study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052227
Samji, H., Wu, J., Ladak, A., Vossen, C., Stewart, E., Dove, N., Long, D., & Snell, G. (2022). Review: Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth – a systematic review. In Child and Adolescent Mental Health (Vol. 27, Issue 2, pp. 173–189). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12501
Sampath, S., Khedr, A., Qamar, S., Tekin, A., Singh, R., Green, R., & Kashyap, R. (2021). Pandemics Throughout the History. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18136
Sawicka, B., Aslan, I., Della Corte, V., Del Gaudio, G., Nevola, G., Periasamy, A., Krishnamurthy, S. K., Mohammed, A., Said, T. M. M., Saravanan, P., Adom, D., Sawicki, B., Hanchate, D. B., & Umachandran, K. (2022). The coronavirus global pandemic and its impacts on society. In Coronavirus Drug Discovery: Volume 1: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment (pp. 267–311). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85156-5.00037-7
Schlüter, M., Haider, L. J., Lade, S. J., Lindkvist, E., Martin, R., Orach, K., Wijermans, N., & Folke, C. (2019). Capturing emergent phenomena in social-ecological systems: An analytical framework. Ecology and Society, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11012-240311
Sharifi, A., & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on cities and major lessons for urban planning, design, and management. In Science of the Total Environment (Vol. 749). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142391
Skyttner, L. (2005). GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY Problems •Perspectives • Practice (Second Edition). World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
Stevens, N. J., Salmon, P. M., Walker, G. H., & Stanton, N. A. (Eds.). (2018). Human Factors in Land Use Planning and Urban Design: Methods, Practical Guidance and Applications. CRC Press.
Talevi, D., Socci, V., Carai, M., Carnaghi, G., Faleri, S., Trebbi, E., Di Bernardo, A., Capelli, F., & Pacitti, F. (2020). Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic Gli esiti di salute mentale della pandemia di CoViD-19. In Riv Psichiatr (Vol. 55, Issue 3).
Taylor, S. (2022). The Psychology of Pandemics. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720
Ugolini, F., Massetti, L., Calaza-Martínez, P., Cariñanos, P., Dobbs, C., Ostoic, S. K., Marin, A. M., Pearlmutter, D., Saaroni, H., Šaulienė, I., Simoneti, M., Verlič, A., Vuletić, D., & Sanesi, G. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use and perceptions of urban green space: An international exploratory study. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126888
van Riper, C. J., Thiel, A., Penker, M., Braito, M., Landon, A. C., Thomsen, J. M., & Tucker, C. M. (2018). Incorporating multilevel values into the social-ecological systems framework. Ecology and Society, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10047-230325
Von Bertalanffy, L. (1972). The History and Status of General Systems Theory. In The Academy of Management Journal (Vol. 15, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.2307/255139
Wallace, R. G., Bergmann, L., Hogerwerf, L., & Gilbert, M. (2010). Are Influenzas in Southern China Byproducts of the Region’s Globalizing Historical Present? (T. Giles-Vernick & Craddock Susan, Eds.). Earthscan Ltd.
World Health Organizations. (2022, June 8). Mental Disorders. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders
World Health Organization. (2022a). Mental Health and COVID-19: Early evidence of the pandemic’s impact. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/352189/WHO-2019-nCoV-Sci-Brief-Mental-health-2022.1-eng.pdf
World Health Organization. (2022b, June 17). Mental Health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response
Yao, Y., Zhou, K., Liu, C., Sun, Z., Chen, D., Li, L., Cheng, T., & Guan, Q. (2024). Temporal-VCA: Simulating urban land use change using coupled temporal data and vector cellular automata. Cities, 149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.104975
Zeng, J., Wu, J., & Chen, W. (2024). Coupling analysis of land use change with landscape ecological risk in China: A multi-scenario simulation perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140518
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Masitah Ghazali, Marlyana Azyyati Marzukhi, Oliver Ling Hoon Leh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
