Development of Framework for Malay Reserved Land in Malaysia

Authors

  • Mohammad Firdaus Ishak Postgraduate Studies, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Abdul Hadi Nawawi School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Mohd Hasrol Haffiz Aliasak School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
  • Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Siti Fatimah Hashim Postgraduate Studies, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v22iSI.5461

Keywords:

Development, Framework, Malay Reserved Land, Ownership

Abstract

Prevalent issues related to policies of Malay Reserved Land (MRL) in Malaysia are largely discussed among real estate players in Malaysia. Issues such as deficiencies of information on the actual size of MRL in Malaysia, mistakes by inexperienced vendor in issuing MRL’s information, back-door dealing between owners and non-Malays, and indefeasibility of title under Malaysian land system. These issues warranted a measure to improve the MRL’s system. This study aims to develop a framework of replacement for MRL in Klang Valley, Selangor. To achieve this aim, two approaches are adopted which are Secondary Data Analysis, and Primary Data Collection and Analysis. In Primary Data Collection and Analysis, quantitative method is selected as the main data collection and qualitative method for the purpose of framework validation. This framework is expected to provide understanding on the new MRL’s system and will be able to assist and guide Malaysian local authorities in issues related to MRL.

Author Biographies

  • Mohammad Firdaus Ishak, Postgraduate Studies, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Firdaus Ishak, a PhD student at the Institute of Graduate Studies, College of Built Environment
    at Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam. His main research areas are a framework of Malay Reserve Land in Selangor. He can be contacted by email at drfirdausishak@gmail.com

  • Abdul Hadi Nawawi, School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Abdul Hadi Nawawi is a senior lecturer at the Centre of Studies for Estate Management, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. His main research areas are Corporate Real Estate, Valuation Modelling Techniques, Land Economics, Corporate Real Estate Valuation, Management and Development, and Knowledge Modelling and Organisational
    Behaviour in the Real Estate and Construction Industry. He can be contacted by email at abdul274@uitm.edu.my

  • Mohd Hasrol Haffiz Aliasak, School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Mohd Hasrol Haffiz Aliasak, a senior lecturer at the School of Estate Management, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Seri Iskandar Campus, Perak, Malaysia. His main research area is Social Science. He can be contacted by email at haffiz677@uitm.edu.my

  • Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain, School of Real Estate and Building Surveying, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain, a senior lecturer at the Centre of Studies for Estate Management, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. His main research areas are Property Management and Valuation. She can be contacted by email at siti_hafsah@uitm.edu.my

  • Siti Fatimah Hashim, Postgraduate Studies, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siti Fatimah Hashim a part-time lecturer at the Study of Landscape Architecture, at Universiti
    Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam. Her main research areas are Urban Planning. She can be contacted by email at shashim@uitm.edu.my

References

Ali, B. B. M., & Mohamad, N. A. (2007). The'Red-Ink Grants': The Malays and the Land. IIUMLJ, 15, 273. https://irep.iium.edu.my/7517/

Aliasak, M. H. H., & Sa'ad, M. F. (2014). The 100 years of Malay Reserve Land in Peninsular Malaysia (1913–2013): An analysis of land size trend. Academia Journal UiTMT, 3(1), 17-24. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/13952/

Aliasak, M. H. H. (2017). Tanah Rizab Melayu: Sejarah dan Cabaran. Kertas Kerja Tanah Rizab Melayu. Kerajaan Negeri Perak. https://tanah.perak.gov.my/ptgperak/contents/pfoi2017/slide-lab-3/KERTAS%20KERJA%20TANAH%20RIZAB%20MELAYU%20-%207.9-2017.pdf

Ariffin, S. M. (2013). Malay reservation land–unleashing a century of trust. International Surveying Research Journal, 3(2), 1-28. https://www.utm.my/razak/wp-content/uploads/sites/33/2017/02/Malay-Reservation-Land-Unleashing-A-Century-of-Trust.pdf

Asiah Mohamad, N. (2007). Buying properties in Malaysia? Highlight on laws, policies and their implication on foreign land ownership. Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, 6(2), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.1108/14770020780000512

Bakar, N. A. A. (2017). Tanah Rizab Melayu (Enakmen Rizab Melayu & Perlembagaan Persekutuan). Unit Geomatik, Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Politeknik Merlimau Melaka. https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/BEJ/article/download/945/4006/26777

Bakar, O., Murad Merican, A., & Wan Mamat, W. A. W. (Eds.). (2020). Colonialism in the Malay Archipelago: Civilisational Encounters. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC–IIUM Publications. ISBN 978 9839379709. http://irep.iium.edu.my/id/eprint/105389

Badiozaman, R. M. R., & Mohar, R. (1964). Malay land reservation and alienation. https://books.google.com/books/about/Malay_Land_Reservation_Alienation.html?id=TE1YnQAACAAJ

Boslaugh, S., & Boslaugh, S. (2007). An introduction to secondary data analysis. Secondary data sources for public health: A practical guide, 2-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511618802.002

Broome, R. (2010). Aboriginal Australians: A History Since 1788. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2012.649901

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4 ed.). Singapore: SAGE. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n5p40

Deloria, V. J. & Lytle, C. M. (1984). The Nations Within: The Past and Future of American Indian Sovereignty. New York: Pantheon Books. https://doi.org/10.1016/0362-3319(87)90084-X

Dodson, M. (1994). "The Wentworth Lecture: The end in the beginning: re(de)finding Aboriginality." Australian Aboriginal Studies. http://www.aiatsis.gov.au/lbry/dig_prgm/wentworth/m0008523_a.pdf

Enemark, S. (2009, February). Land Administration Systems. In Map World Forum, Hyderabad, India (pp. 10-13). https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceedings/fig2009/papers/ts03d/ts03d_enemark_3434.pdf

Fixico, D. L. (2003). The American Indian Mind in a Linear World: American Indian Studies and Traditional Knowledge. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203954621

Haffiz Aliasak, M. H., & Sa’ad, M. F. (2014). Pekan Karai: mutiara arang batu negeri Perak. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/35513/

Hamid, M. A. B. A. (1997, 12–15 Disember). Disappearing Malay Reserve Lands. In Land: Emerging Issues and Challenges (ms. 4–55). Penang. https://irep.iium.edu.my/7517/1/The_%27Red Ink_Grants%27_The_Malays_and_the_Land.pdf

Hamid, A., Harun, N., & Nuriadah, S. N. (2011). Judicial recognition of the Orang Asli land rights in West Malaysia: Triumph and hope. Civil Law Journal, 7, 150–172. https://waqafilmunusantara.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/6_artikel_a-legal-analysis_competition.pdf

Hanif, N. R., Azriyati, W. N., Abdul-Rahman, H., Wang, C., & Wood, L. C. (2015). The challenge of rural life nostalgia: barriers in redevelopment of Malay Reserve Land (MRL) in Klang Valley. City, Territory and Architecture, 2, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-015-0016-0c

Hussin, R. and Rashid, R. A. (2014). Dilema Pembangunan Tanah Rizab Melayu: Satu Warisan atau Satu Tangisan?. International Conference: Technology, Science Social Sciences, Humanities-eProceedings. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/35570/

Johnston, M. P. (2014). Secondary Data Analysis: A Method of which the Time Has Come. Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries(3), 619-626. http://www.qqml.net/papers/September_2014_Issue/336QQML_Journal_2014_Johnston_Sept_619-626.pdf

Khazim Mohd. Tamrin (2005) Peneroka Tanah dan Hutan Pada Zaman Kolonial. Proceedings in the Seminar Keharmonian Hidup Imbangan Alam dan Pembangunan. Kuala Lumpur, 5-6 November. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/50833/1/50833.pdf

Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

LKAN Negeri Selangor (2021). Pengurusan Tanah Rizab Melayu Tahun 2021 Siri 1. https://dewan.selangor.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/SELANGOR-LKAN-2021-Siri-1-Aktiviti-Jabatan-dan-Pengurusan-Syarikat-Kerajaan-Negeri.pdf

Mohd, K. W. & Kader, S. Z. S. A. (2022). Responding to Land Fraud: Should Torrens Compensation Scheme Be Introduced in Malaysia. UiTM International Conference on Law & Society 2021, 43-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI11.4171

Harun, E. H., Rahim, H. B. & Salleh, M. M. (2020). Hofstede’s cultural dimensions: an insight to the practise of power distance in Malaysia. FBM Insights, 2, 17-20. ISSN 2716-599X. https://ir.uitm.edu.my/49593/1/49593.pdf

Harun, N. & Hassim, J. Z. (2015). Pembeli bona fide dalam penipuan tanah: Isu dan cabaran. UUM Journal of Legal Studies, 6(1), 100–117. https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/uumjls/article/view/7818

Mansoor, M., Abu Bakar, N., Abu, J., Abdul Hamid, N., Mansor, H., & Abdullah, R. (2024). Understanding the Persistence of Lot Lidi Transactions in Malaysia: A Qualitative Study of Buyers’ Perceptions and Practices. Int. Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(11), 2875–2882. https://hrmars.com/index.php/IJARBSS/article/view/18762

Manaf, A. A., Lyndon, N., Selvadurai, S., Hussain, M. Y., & Ramli, Z. (2015). Faktor penghalang pembangunan tanah rizab Melayu. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 11(8), 100–109. https://journalarticle.ukm.my/9155/1/9x.geografia-si-ogos15-azimah-edam1.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Mohamad, N. A., & Ali, B. B. M. (2009). THE PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES or MALAY RESERVATION LAND IN THE 21ST CENTURY. https://irep.iium.edu.my/17505/f

Mohamad, N. A. (2007). Buying properties in Malaysia? Highlight on laws, policies and their implication on foreign land ownership. Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, 6(2), 54-62. doi:10.1108/14770020780000556

Mohsin, A., Yaakob, M. S. and Berahim, N. (2022). Strengthening the Management of Ownership Endorsement for Malay Reservation Land. Kajian Malaysia. Universiti Sains Malaysia. https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/BEJ/article/download/945/4006

Orange, C. (1987). The Treaty of Waitangi. Wellington: Allen & Unwin. https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Story_of_a_Treaty.html?id=9_Z3VI9gcqQC

Priyandes, A. (2017). Landowner engagement in redevelopment of Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur. MIT UTM Urban Sustainability Programme. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/11-384-malaysia-sustainable-cities-practicum-spring-2018/pages/related-resources/

Ramanaidu, R. R. (1998). Malay Reservation Lands: A Case Study of Sungei Penchala. Fakulti Ekonomi dan Pentadbiran, Universiti Malaya. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332379197_

Rosman, S. H., Nawawi, A. H. And Majid, R. A. (2021). Issues and Obstacles in the Development of Malay Reserve Land. Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners. 19(3), 226-236. https://planningmalaysia.org/index.php/pmj/article/view/891

Rosman, S. H., Nawawi, A. H. And Majid, R. A. (2022). Success Factors Model of Special Financial Institution for Malay Reserve Land (MRL) Development. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship, 7(2), 25-32. e-ISSN :2550-1429. https://journal.ump.edu.my/jibe/article/view/6713

Selangor Land and Mines Office. (2015). Selangor Land and Mines Director's Circular No. 3/2015. https://ptg.selangor.gov.my/index.php/database_stores/store_view/74

Termizi, M. K. and Ismail, M. (2018). Tanah Rizab Melayu di Ambang Kepupusan?. Malaysian Journal of Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH). 3(4), 93-108. https://web.usm.my/km/earlyView/78_KM-OA-02-22-0024.R1.pdf

Tripathy J. P. (2013). Secondary Data Analysis: Ethical Issues and Challenges. Iranian journal of public health, 42(12), 1478–1479. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441948/

Walker, R. (2004). Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou: Struggle Without End. Auckland: Penguin Books. https://archive.org/details/kawhawhaitonumat0000walk

Zakariah, Y., Samsudin, S., & Ngadiman, N. (2020). An Overview of the Fraud and Forgery Challenges in Land Registration System. 7(3), 274–282. https://ejmcm.com/article_1513_cb18174b900093091a0186ab73bc5a41.pdf

Downloads

Published

23-08-2025

How to Cite

Development of Framework for Malay Reserved Land in Malaysia. (2025). Built Environment Journal, 22(SI). https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v22iSI.5461

Similar Articles

1-10 of 120

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.