Evaluating The Performance of Open Source GNSS Online Post-Processing Services

Authors

  • Muhammad Nasruddin Yusri School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Amir Sharifuddin Ab Latip School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Ami Hassan Md Din Geospatial Imaging and Information Research Group (GI2RG), Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Abdul Aziz Ab Rahman School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Sharifah Nur Attasyah Mohd Zaiddien Syarikat Mahyuddin Dan Siew Sdn. Bhd. 79-1 Tkt.1 Jlan 1/91, Taman Shamelin Perkasa Cheras, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v22i2.952

Keywords:

GNSS, Online Processing Services, IGS

Abstract

Various organisations have recently developed online processing services for GNSS data. However, due to limited information about their performance and accuracy, users struggle to make informed decisions. The objectives of this study are to assess the accuracy of the positioning solutions provided by the three online GNSS processing services (OPUS, AUSPOS, and CSRS-PPP) and determine the optimum observation times needed to achieve high accuracy in GNSS post-processing services. The study was conducted at UiTM Shah Alam, Selangor, with field observations performed at four selected control points using the static observation technique. The coordinates of control points were estimated using TBC software and online processing services, and the differences between the coordinates from these services and TBC software were computed. The results indicate that AUSPOS outperforms other services in terms of accuracy across different observation periods (4 hours, 3 hours, and 2 hours). For the 4-hour observation, the RMSE values are ±0.020 m for northing, ±0.022 m for easting, and ±0.028 m for ellipsoidal height. In the 3-hour observation, AUSPOS also shows the smallest RMSE values of ±0.028 m in northing, ±0.023 m in easting, and ±0.034 m in ellipsoidal height. Similarly, in the 2-hour observation, AUSPOS maintains the best performance with RMSE values of ±0.067 m for northing, ±0.073 m for easting, and ±0.082 m for ellipsoidal height. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that among the three online GNSS processing services evaluated, AUSPOS consistently delivers the highest accuracy across different observation durations, particularly in the 4-hour observation. While CSRS-PPP follows closely behind, OPUS shows the least accuracy, especially for shorter observation periods.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Nasruddin Yusri, School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Muhammad Nasruddin Yusri is an undergraduate student who received his Bachelor's degree in Surveying Science and Geomatics from Univesiti Teknologi MARA in 2024. He has a strong background in geomatics, with hands-on experience in survey-related tasks, particularly in the acquisition, processing, and analysis of GNSS data. He can be reached through email at nasruddinyusri99@gmail.com.

Amir Sharifuddin Ab Latip, School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Amir Sharifuddin Ab Latip received his Bachelor's degree (Hons.) in Geomatics Engineering in 2008 and his Master's degree in GNSS from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2013. He completed his Ph.D. in InSAR at Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS in 2019. Since 2020, he has served as a senior lecturer at the School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources at Universiti Teknologi MARA. His research interests focus on using GNSS and InSAR for deformation monitoring and atmospheric correction. He can be contacted via email at amirsharifuddin@uitm.edu.my.

Ami Hassan Md Din, Geospatial Imaging and Information Research Group (GI2RG), Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

Ami Hassan Md Din is an Associate Professor in the Department of Geoinformation at the Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. He earned his B.Eng (Hons.) in Geomatics Engineering in 2007, M.Phil in Geomatics Engineering in 2010, and Ph.D. in Geomatics Engineering in 2014, all from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. His research interests encompass Geodesy, Marine Geodesy, Geoid Modelling, Satellite Positioning, High Precision Positioning, Radar Remote Sensing, Hydrography, Physical Oceanography, and Tidal Modelling. He can be contacted via email at amihassan@utm.my.

Abdul Aziz Ab Rahman, School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Abdul Aziz Ab Rahman earned his Diploma in Geomatic Science from UiTM Arau in 2014. He then pursued a Bachelor's degree (Hons.) in Surveying Science & Geomatics, graduating in 2017, and completed his Master's degree in Science from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in 2019. Since 2021, he has been a lecturer at the School of Geomatic Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Teknologi MARA. His research interests include surveying, UAV photogrammetry, coastal management, and geospatial studies. He can be contacted via email at aziz121@uitm.edu.my.

Sharifah Nur Attasyah Mohd Zaiddien, Syarikat Mahyuddin Dan Siew Sdn. Bhd. 79-1 Tkt.1 Jlan 1/91, Taman Shamelin Perkasa Cheras, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Sharifah Nur Attasyah Mohd Zaiddien is a recent graduate from Universiti Teknologi MARA, where she earned her Bachelor’s degree in Surveying Science and Geomatics. Her final semester thesis examined the ionospheric effects on GPS signals, reflecting her keen interest in the intersection of surveying technology and atmospheric science. Currently, she is employed at Mahyuddin and Siew, a land surveying company. She can be contacted via email at nurattasyah15@gmail.com.

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Published

01-07-2025

How to Cite

Yusri, M. N., Ab Latip, A. S., Md Din, A. H. ., Ab Rahman, A. A. ., & Mohd Zaiddien, S. N. A. (2025). Evaluating The Performance of Open Source GNSS Online Post-Processing Services. Built Environment Journal, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.24191/bej.v22i2.952