ANALISIS KONTRAK AL-QARD DALAM PRODUK DEPOSIT PERBANKAN ISLAM DI MALAYSIA
ANALYSIS OF AL-QARD CONTRACT IN ISLAMIC BANKING DEPOSIT PRODUCTS IN MALAYSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/JIPSF/v5n22023_24-37Keywords:
Deposit, al-Wadi’ah, al-Qard, Hibah, GhararAbstract
Produk deposit berteraskan kontrak al-Wadi’ah merupakan salah satu produk utama yang sering ditawarkan oleh institusi perbankan Islam di Malaysia. Kontrak al-Wadi’ah meletakkan pihak bank hanya berperanan sebagai penjaga amanah (Yad Amanah) serta tidak boleh menjana manfaat daripada simpanan tersebut. Bagi kontrak Wadi’ah Yad Damanah pula, aplikasinya lebih menepati kontrak al-Qard yang menegah sebarang terbitan manfaat seperti hibah. Oleh itu, Majlis Penasihat Syariah Bank Negara Malaysia telah mengeluarkan resolusi perubahan kontrak syariah dalam produk deposit tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenalpasti aspek pengoperasian dan kepatuhan produk tersebut berdasarkan prinsip Syariah. Kajian dijalankan secara kualitatif menerusi penelitian terhadap data kepustakaan berkaitan teori dan prinsip al-Qard al-Hasan. Kaedah analisis dokumen turut dilakukan bagi menilai pengoperasian produk ini oleh institusi perbankan Islam. Dapatan terhadap tiga elemen utama, iaitu isu hibah, caj pengurusan dan unsur gharar merumuskan produk deposit yang ditawarkan telah mempunyai kawalan risiko Syariah selari dengan dengan ketetapan polisi Bank Negara Malaysia.
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