Retraction

The Advances in Business Research International Journal (ABRIJ) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity. If a published article is found to contain serious errors, ethical breaches, or research misconduct, ABRIJ may issue a retraction to protect the credibility of the scholarly record.

COPE Retraction Guidelines https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines

Grounds for Retraction

A retraction may be issued for:

• Plagiarism – Use of another’s work without proper attribution.
• Data fabrication or falsification – Manipulating or inventing research data.
• Duplicate publication – Publishing the same work in more than one journal.
• Ethical violations – Failure to secure required approvals (e.g., IRB, informed consent).
• Major errors – Mistakes that alter the validity of results or conclusions.
• Authorship disputes – Unresolved disagreements over contributions.

 Retraction Process

• Identification – Concerns may be raised by readers, reviewers, or editors.
• Investigation – The editorial board reviews the case, consulting with authors as needed.
• Decision – If retraction is warranted, authors are informed before action is taken.
• Retraction Notice – A formal statement is published, linked to the original article, and the article is clearly marked as “Retracted”.

Retraction Notice Content

Each notice will include:

• Article title and author names.
• Reason for retraction.
• Date of retraction.
• Link to the original article (clearly labeled as retracted).